Writing our Chapter 3

Multiple Choice

The males tend to have a lower mean score than the females.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

The findings confirm Parejo's (2015) conclusions that her respondents generally use the native Tagalog in their homes followed by Taglish.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

Twenty percent of the male respondents were diagnosed with high Emotional Quotient Scales.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

The experiment revealed that the students' nervousness was lessened after the technique was applied.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

The findings may stem from the fact that prescriptive grammarians on both sides of the Atlantic continue to promote the use of “he” to refer to a singular indefinite antecedent (Zubber and Reed, 2013).

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

Other obstacles encountered included students' lack of confidence in their speaking ability, embarrassment, and inability to express their opinions and ask questions.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

According to the Philippine constitution, media companies must be wholly owned by Filipinos.

• Result

• Discussion

Multiple Choice

Most of the females were pressured by their peers into going on a diet (m=2.75).

• Result

• Discussion

What is the

difference between

results and
discussion?

RESULTS

AND

DISCUSSION

Writing your

Chapter 3

differentiate results from

discussion

present and interpret research

data

craft Chapter 3 by incorporating
the Move structure framework

a.

b.

c.

objectives

RESULTS

Refer to the main

findings

of the Data
collection

DISCUSSION
This is where the
author describes,

analyzes, and
interprets the

findings

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What are the things that we need to consider when writing Chapter 3 of your Quantitative research?

Guidelines for
writing your

Chapter 3

Move structure

Framework

(Yang and Allison, 2003)

Move 1: Background

Information

This includes some main

statements such as research

questions, the aims and
purposes of the study,

theoretical background or

established knowledge and the
study’s research methodology

(Wirada & Amnuai, 2013)

This study has
attempted to..

This study

demonstrates...

This study
aimed to.

This chapter
presents...

Example

This study has attempted to examine
the effectiveness of using Malunggay extract as an alternative active agent

in making toothpaste .

Move 2: Reporting

Results

This move presents

the results of the

study

The table
indicates that...

The result of the

study shows

that...

It can be seen
from the table

that...

The table
displays...

Formulation

Level of Whitening ability

Mean

Sample

1

2

3

2

3

2.33

Present

5

4

4.33

2

4

Previous

Move 3: Summarizing

Results

The function of this
move is to sum up

the results.

in summary

to sum up
it can be

concluded...

overall

Example

It can be concluded that the previousformulation has the highest whitening

ability as compared to the previous

one

Move 4: Commenting

on results

The objective of this move

is to establish the

meaning and significance
of the research results in
relation to the relevant

field

Move 4: Commenting

on results

-Interpreting results
-comparing

results

with

literature
-accounting for the results

Move 4: interpreting

results

This implies that...
The result indicates that...
This can be interpreted
as...
This suggests that...

Move 4: interpreting

results

This suggests that the changes or

modifications made in the previous

formulation

have

resulted

in

a

noticeable

improvement

in

the

whitening ability of the toothpaste

containing malunggay leaf.

Move 4: Comparing

results with literature.

This result affirms the study of...

This is relevant to the study of...

This finding corroborates the

study of...

Move 4:

Comparing/contrasting results

with literature.

This result corroborates the study of Cruz (2022), where

he

found

a

significant

improvement

in

toothpaste

whitening ability with the addition of malunggay leaf

extract. Statistical analysis revealed a notable increase in

tooth shade brightness and a reduction in surface stains

after using toothpaste containing malunggay leaf extract

compared to standard toothpaste formulations.

Move 4: Accounting for

results

The authors provide the readers

with further explanation or give

the

reasons

for

the

observed

differences

in

findings

or

unexpected outcomes.

Move 4: Accounting for

results

A possible explanation for...

The difference between...

This result can be attributed to...

Move 4: Accounting for

results

The effectiveness of malunggay leaf extract as a

whitening agent for teeth could be attributed to the

presence of antioxidants, such as flavonoids and

phenolic compounds, which help combat oxidative stress

and neutralize free radicals. Oxidative stress and free

radicals contribute to tooth discoloration by breaking

down enamel and promoting the formation of surface

stains.

Move 5: Summarizing

the result

The study provides robust evidence of the

whitening efficacy of Malunggay leaf extract.

Overall, using Malunggay as an alternative

agent in making toothpaste demonstrates a

significant improvement in tooth whitening.

Move 6: Evaluating the

result

Evaluate

the

overall

study

by

pointing

out

the

limitations,

indicating

the

contributions,

or

evaluating the methodology.

Move 6: indicating

limitations

While the study by Cruz (2022) provides valuable

insights into the potential benefits of using malunggay

leaf extract in toothpaste formulations for whitening

purposes, it is also acknowledged that the result is

limited to sample homogeneity since this was tested to

individuals with similar demographics or oral health

characteristics.

Move 6: Indicating

significance/advantage

The use of malunggay leaf extract offers a natural

alternative to synthetic whitening agents commonly

found

in

commercial

toothpaste

formulations.

Unlike some chemical whitening agents, malunggay

leaf extract is derived from a plant source and may

be perceived as safer and gentler for oral use.

Move 7: Deductions from

Research

Make suggestions concerning

areas for further research or

solutions to certain problems.

Move 7: Deductions from

Research

Given the limitation of sample homogeneity,

where individuals with similar demographics or

oral

health

characteristics

were

tested,

the

researcher

then

suggest

to

conduct

further

research with a more diverse and representative

sample population

As a researcher, what values must you practice when presenting your data analysis and interpretation, why?

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As a researcher, what values must you practice when presenting your data analysis and interpretation, why?