Makharij alhuroof

Makharij
Alhuroof

Articulation Points

How is the Makhraj of a Letter Determined?

The scholars of tajweed explain that the makhraj of an Arabic letter is determined by:

1. Putting a sakin or shaddah (shaddah is preferred) on the letter you are trying to determine the

makhraj of.

2. Putting a hamzah with any vowel before the letter.

Where the sound stops is the makhraj of the letter.

ْدَأ

Jawf (Empty Space in Mouth and Throat)

The first makhraj that we will cover is the jawf or empty space in the mouth and throat. What that means is that the

tongue is relaxed on the bottom of the mouth, and the empty space between the top of the tongue and the roof of the

mouth is known as the jawf.

So when you pronounce the letters of the jawf, the tongue is not involved at all, and air simply flows from inside the

body out of your mouth.

The letters that come from the jawf are: the madd letters

• Alif sakin with a fatha before it

• Wow sakin with a dhammah before it

• Yaa sakin with a kasrah before it

al Halq (The Throat)

The throat has three different makharij:

• Aqsal halq – lowest part of the throat

(closest to chest)

The letters from this makhraj are: هء

• Wastal halq – middle part of the throat

The letters from this makhraj are: حع

• Adnal halq – highest part of the throat

The letters from this makhraj are: خغ

al-Lisaan (The Tongue)

There are a few Makharij that are found on the

tongue. Inshallah we will cover them one at a

time.

Aqsal Lisaan (Deepest Part of the Tongue)

The Makhraj of ق is from the extreme back of

the tongue going up and hitting the top of the

mouth (soft palate).

The Makhraj of ك is from the back of the

tongue, right in front of the ق, hitting the top of

the mouth (hard palate).

Wastul Lisaan (Middle of the Tongue)

The makhraj of Wastul Lisaan is the middle of the tongue hitting the top of the mouth. The letters from

this makhraj are:

Note: The ي here is different from ي that we covered in the Makhraj of Jawf. Also when you pronounce this

ي the tongue curves up and the two sides go up and touch the top of the mouth.

Hafatul Lisaan (Sides of the Tongue)

• The Makhraj of ض is pronounced with the sides of the tongue touching the gums

close to the upper molars . There are actually three ways to say the ض:

1. Left side of the tongue touching the gums on the left

2. Right side of the tongue touching the gums on the right

3. Both sides of the tongue touching the gums on both sides

• The Makhraj of the ل is pronounced from the tip of tongue touching the gums

premolars from one side to the premolars of the other side of the top of the

mouth.

Tarful Lisaan (Front Tip of Tongue)

• The makhraj of the ن is the part of the tongue, slightly behind the ل (see picture above) hitting the palate

right above it(the portion of the tongue).

• The makhraj of the ر is the part of the tongue, slightly behind the ن touching the palate right above it.

• The makhraj of طدت is the front tip of the tongue touching the gumline of the top front two teeth.

• The makhraj of زسص is with the font tip of the tongue touching the back of the bottom front two teeth.

It is important to note that when pronouncing the letters of زسص there is a slight gap between the tip of

the tongue and the teeth and not a hard/strong meeting of the two.

• The makhraj of ذظث is pronounced from the front tip of the tongue touching the tip of the top front two

teeth.

Shafataan (Lips)

The makhraj of م is the touching of the dry portions of the top and bottom lips.

• The makhraj of ب is the touching of the wet portions of the top and bottom lips.

• The makhraj of و is the incomplete touching of the lips (lips must also be rounded).

Khayshoom (nose):

The khayshoom or nose is an
auxiliary articulation point that
produce the ghunnah linked to the
letter meem and noon.

Research and reflect

One of the alphabet letters was not mentioned in the lesson.

What is the letter ? and what’s its articulation point?