Adding and illustrating linking words

Linking Words
Conversational 2

• showing cause & effect

• adding similar ideas

• showing contrast (difference)

• show reason

Kinds of linking words

Why use linking words?

3 Reasons

• to connect ideas clearly

• to show relationship between events/actions/ideas

• to make complex sentences

Grammar Rules & Word Order

Although/even though has TWO possible positions.
1. beginning of the sentence
(Although I don't like him, I respect his opinion.)
2 beginning of the second clause
(I respect his opinion, although I don't like him.)

Grammar Rules & Word Order

Also, however, despite this, therefore, what is more has THREE possible positions.
1. at the beginning of the 2nd sentence
(She loved him very much. However, he knew they can never marry)

Grammar Rules & Word Order

Also, however, despite this, therefore, what is more has THREE possible positions.

2. in the middle of the sentence
(She loved him very much. He knew, however, they can never marry)

Grammar Rules & Word Order

however, despite this has THREE possible positions.

3. at the end of the sentence
(She loved him very much. He knew they can never marry, however.)

*This is rarely used as it's considered old-fashioned

Multiple Choice

I was introduced to my husband’s boss, _______, I was introduced to his wife Ellen too.

• in addition

• whereas

Examples of different kinds of linking words

Linking words for illustrating

Linking Words to Add more Information

These words simply add additional information to your sentence or paragraph to show that two ideas are similar.

Here are some examples:

-It started to rain and I got soaked – ‘and’ is the linking word that connects the two ideas of the individual being in the rain and getting soaked.

-It can’t be the dog’s fault nor the cat’s – ‘nor’ connects the idea that neither the cat or dog was at fault.

-We could go shopping first then get a bite to eat – ‘then’ shows that both ideas are connected, it also adds some sequence to the sentence by showing the order of things.

Adding information (AND)

• additionally, in addition

• what’s more

• as well as

• besides

• furthermore

• likewise

• moreover

Essay writing - Video games

An opinion essay | LearnEnglish Teens - British Council

Poll

Do you play video games?

• Yes, I do

• No, I do not

Open Ended

What is your favourite video game and how much time do you spend playing every week?

Poll

What do you think - are video games a good way to keep fit?

• Yes

• No

You will read four sentences from different paragraphs of an essay.

Choose the correct linking word for each sentence!

Multiple Choice

___________, many teenagers have got video consoles at home and they often like playing video games.

• Nowadays

• In my view

• Often

Multiple Choice

_________, I think that active video games are a good way to keep fit.

• Because

• First of all

• These days

Multiple Choice

_________, you can play them whenever you want.

• But

• In addition

• And

Multiple Choice

_________, I believe that video games are a fun and social way to keep fit.

• Whenever

• To sum up

• Nowadays

Spend a few minutes reading the essay about video games!

Introduction - Body 1 - Body 2 - Conclusion

Well done!

Time for a Quizziz about video games!

Open Ended

ARE VIDEO GAMES A GOOD WAY TO KEEP FIT? Write an introduction to the topic (1-2 sentences)! Remember: the introduction is the summary of the question in your own words.

Open Ended

ARE VIDEO GAMES A GOOD WAY TO KEEP FIT? Write your opinion in 2-3 sentences. Give reasons!

Open Ended

ARE VIDEO GAMES A GOOD WAY TO KEEP FIT? Write an example in 1-2 sentences to support your opinion.

Open Ended

ARE VIDEO GAMES A GOOD WAY TO KEEP FIT? Write a conclusion in 1-2 sentences. Remember: a conclusion is the summary of your main points.

Multiple Choice

Lorena seems to be quite clever. ......., she rarely gets low marks.

• In addition to

• In addition

Multiple Choice

It is a small house and requires a lot of repairs. …………………, it is a long way from the center.

• Nonetheless

• Moreover

• In spite of

• Fist at all

Multiple Choice

I have a Blackberry. ____, I have an iphone. 

• Furthermore
• However
• For example
• Firstly

Multiple Choice

This restaurant is really good. _______________, it's not very expensive.

• In addition

• However

• In fact

• In spite of

Fill in the Blanks

Multiple Choice

Maha is clever, ambitious, and, ______, she really wants the job

• however

• what's more

Multiple Choice

________ having some problems, she finally passed the test.

• besides

• therefore

• despite

• because

Multiple Choice

_______ he was an excellent student, he didn't get the grant.

• although

• besides

• therefore

• for that reason