Reconstruction Wrap up

Reconstruction Era
Review

​Presidential Reconstruction

• President Andrew Johnson, a Southerner from Tennessee, had two major aims. First, Southern states had to create new governments that were loyal to the Union and that respected federal authority. Second, slavery had to be abolished once and for all.

Multiple Choice

Which Amendment abolished slavery?

• 5th Amendement

• 15th Amendment

• 3rd Amendment

• 13th Amendment

​President Johnson's Reconstruction Plan

1 .A former Confederate state could rejoin the Union once it had written a new state constitution, elected a new state government, repealed its act of secession, and canceled its war debts.

2. Every Southern state had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery throughout the United States.

​Congressional Reconstruction

​Congressional Reconstruction Congressional Reconstruction began in 1866, when Republican leaders in Congress worked to give freedmen the full rights of citizenship. Congress passed, and the states ratified, the Fourteenth Amendment, which gave citizenship to all people born in the United States and equal protection of the law to all.

Multiple Choice

The 14th Amendment.....

• Gave all freedmen 40 acres and a mule.

• Gave citizenship to all people born in the United States and equal protection of the law.

• Gave all people the right to vote.

• Gave citizens the right to bare arms.

Southern Reconstruction

Under the Military Reconstruction Act, federal troops returned to the South in 1867 and began registering voters. New Southern voters helped former Union general Ulysses S. Grant become president. In 1869, Congress passed the Fifteenth Amendment, which protected the right of African American men to vote. Many blacks were elected to state government offices during this third phase of Reconstruction.

Multiple Choice

Why would federal troops be needed in the South during this time?

• To find Osama bin Laden.

• To help black Friday shopping

• To enforce Jim Crow laws.

• To enforce the reconstruction amendments.

Multiple Choice

Who made up the majority of "New" Southern voters in the 1868 election that helped Ulysses S Grant win office?

• Freedmen

• Ku Klux Klan

• Mexican migrants

• Democrats

​​The End of Reconstruction

Southern whites used legal means as well as violence to keep blacks from voting or taking office. Reconstruction officially ended in 1877, when President Rutherford B. Hayes withdrew all remaining federal troops from the South once he took office after the disputed election of 1876.

Open Ended

How do you think the removal of federal troops in the South in 1877 effected the power and authority of the 14th Amendment?

​​Reconstruction Reversed

After Reconstruction, African Americans lost many educational and political gains. Many Southern states closed schools that had been opened to freedmen. They also passed laws designed to keep blacks from voting. Jim Crow laws and the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson legalized many forms of discrimination against blacks.

​Responding to Segregation

Many African Americans responded to segregation by leaving the South. Many migrated to other parts of the United States. Those who remained in the South worked hard to improve their lives.