Lesson #31

Lesson #31 (Last lesson)
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​Doppler Effect

​The apparent change in frequency due to the relative motion of the source (or receiver) is called the Doppler effect.

​

​As a result of the change in frequency, the pitch of the sound produced is impacted.

​

​Frequency is same at A and B

​Shorter wavelength=

higher frequency

​Longer wavelength=

​Lower frequency

Multiple Choice

The pitch of a sound wave relates to the wave's _________________.

• Amplitude

• Frequency

• Wavelength

• Period

Multiple Choice

An ambulance is driving towards you as you stand on the sidewalk. What happens to the pitch of the siren as it comes towards you?

• It increases

• It decreases

Multiple Choice

You are standing on the side of the road when a police car races past you with its siren on. After the police car passes you, what happens to the pitch of the siren?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It turns red

Multiple Choice

Look at the picture. Who is experiencing a higher pitched sound?

• Observer A

• Observer B

• There's no difference

Multiple Choice

Long sound waves are...

• high pitched
• low pitched
• medium pitched

Multiple Choice

When the car moves AWAY from you, its horn seems...

• Low pitched
• High pitched
• Normal

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Electromagnetic spectrum

Electromagnetic Spectrum Review

EM Waves can travel in a vacuum! Mechanical waves (sound waves) CANNOT!!!

Multiple Choice

All waves carry...

• Energy

• Matter

• Light

• Particles

Multiple Choice

How are electromagnetic waves different from other waves?

• They have very short wavelengths

• They can travel through empty space

• They transmit energy instead of matter

• They can change direction by reflection

Multiple Choice

The type of wave that can travel through both matter AND empty space:

• Mechanical Waves

• Electromagnetic Waves

Multiple Choice

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the lowest energy?

• Gamma Ray

• Visible Light

• Infrared

• Microwave

Multiple Choice

As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the amount of energy in that wave...

• Increases

• Stays the same

• Decreases

Multiple Choice

Light is a form of

• Energy

• Reflection

• Radiation

Multiple Choice

Which has the longest wavelength and, therefore, the LOWEST frequency/energy

• Gamma Rays

• Visible Light Waves

• Radio Waves

• Infrared Waves

Multiple Choice

Which section of the spectrum is the ONLY one we can see?

• X-Rays

• Gamma Rays

• Visible Light

• Ultraviolet Rays

Multiple Choice

Which of the following electromagnetic waves is given off as heat?

• Radio Waves

• Visible Light

• Infrared Rays

• Gamma Rays

Multiple Choice

Select the correct order of waves on the EMS from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength

• Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultra Violet, X-Ray, Gamma.

• Visible, Microwave, Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-Ray, Gamma, Radio.

• Gamma, X-Ray, Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, Microwave, Radio.

• Microwave, Radio, Visible, Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-Ray, Gamma.

Mirrors and Lenses

There are 2 ways in which a surface can reflect light: Regular Reflection and Diffuse Reflection.

• Regular Reflection: occurs when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface. All rays reflect at the same angle and produce a clear image.

• Diffuse Reflection: occurs when parallel rays of light hit an uneven surface and reflect at diferent angles producing an unclear image.

• Top Image: Regular Reflection

• Bottom Image: Diffuse Reflection

Multiple Choice

What type of reflection will this image produce?

• Regular Reflection

• Diffuse Reflection

What is an image?

• An Image is a copy of the object formed by reflected or refracted light rays.

• There are two types of Images: Virtual and Real

Virtual Images:

• Virtual images are right side up

• Virtual images have the left and right side reversed.

• Virtual images form where light seems to come from (like behind the mirror)

• Virtual images cannot be projected onto a screen

Real Images

• Real images are upside down

• Real images form at the focal point where light rays meet

• Real images can be projected onto a screen

Multiple Choice

What type of image is upside down?

• real

• virtual

Multiple Choice

What type of image can be projected onto a screen?

• real

• virtual

Multiple Choice

Which type of image is right side up but left and right are reversed?

• real

• virtual

Types of Mirrors

There are three types of mirrors that we will discuss: Plane, Concave, and Convex.

Plane Mirrors

Flat mirrors like the one you have in your bathroom. Creates an image that is:

Virtual and Same Size as the object

Concave Mirrors

• Curved (like the inside of a spoon)

• Real or Virtual Images

• (Virtual Image when object is between the focal point and the mirror)

• (Real Image when object is beyond the focal point)

• Size can be larger, smaller, or same (the closer to the focal point the larger it will appear)

Convex Mirrors

• virtual image smaller than the object

• advantage is that it allows you to see a larger area but disadvantage is the image is reduced in size.

• Used in driver side mirrors and on ceilings in stores for security.

Overview

• There are two types of reflections: Regular and Diffuse

• There are three types of mirrors (Plane, Concave, and Convex)

• These mirrors can produce two types of images: Real or Virtual

• Virtual Images are right side up

• Real Images are upside down

Multiple Choice

Now I get it! There are two types of reflections: __________ and ____________

• Diffuse and Regular

• Real and Virtual

Multiple Choice

An ___________ is a copy of an object formed by the reflected or refracted rays of light.

• Image

• Convex

• concave

• plane

Multiple Choice

A ___________ mirror can produce both real and virtual images.

• plane

• concave

• convex

Multiple Choice

What kind of image does a convex mirror produce?

• real but smaller

• virtual but smaller

Multiple Choice

What kind of image does a plane mirror produce?

• real and same size

• virtual and same size

What is a lens?

A lens is a curved piece of glass or transparent object that can bend light.

Light can be refracted using a lens.

TWO TYPES OF LENSES

CONVEX

Focuses
light
inwards

CONCAVE

Spreads light outwards

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Multiple Choice

Is a convex lens thicker or thinner in the middle?

• Thicker

• Thinner

Multiple Choice

A diverging lens is also known as a ____lens.

• refracted

• diffracted

• convex

• concave

Multiple Choice

What does the word "diverging" mean?

• to spread apart

• to come together

• parallel

• perpendicular

Multiple Choice

A converging lens is also known as a ____ lens.

• convex

• concave

• double

• refracted

Multiple Choice

What does the word "converging" mean?

• to separate

• to come together

• parallel

• perpendicular

Multiple Choice

This image is.....

• inverted and smaller

• inverted and larger

• not inverted and smaller

• not inverted and larger

Multiple Choice

When an object is placed between the focal point and the convex lens, the image produced is ___.

• real, reduced, and inverted

• real, enlarged, and inverted

• virtual, enlarged, and upright

• virtual, reduced, and upright

Multiple Choice

An object is placed 20 cm from a convex lens of focal length 15 cm. What is the image distance and the nature of the image?

• 60 cm, real image

• 30 cm, real image

• Image not formed

• 15 cm, virtual image

Multiple Choice

An object is located 35.0 cm from a converging lens. The lens forms a real image at a distance of 15.0 cm. What is the focal length?

• 0.0953 cm

• 10.5 cm

• 26.2 cm

• 0.0678 cm

The Human Eye

• Retina: thin layer of cells that line the back of the eye

• Lens: convex shape, bends light to form an image on the retina

• pupil: the muscle that contracts when exposed to sunlight

• Iris: the color part of the eye

• Cornea: the protective outer layer

Dropdown

A ​

Select answer

helps to focus light rays to form images.​

Multiple Choice

Which mirror can form an enlarged image?

• Plane

• Convex

• Concave

Multiple Choice

The image formed by a plane mirror is __________.

• real and upright

• virtual and upright

• real and reversed

• virtual and inverted