Civil War/ Reconstruction

Civil War and

Reconstruction

Day 1

• Slave labor was used to grow

cotton, the major cash crop of
the South during the 1800s

• Cotton damaged the soil, so

farmers moved west to grow
the plant

• The U.S. population of slaves

continued to grow and spread

Slavery Expands

•Why did the South’s economy depend on
slavery?

•Why did slavery spread west?

Day 1

Turn and Talk

Day 1

Causes of the Civil War - Sectionalism

• Sectionalism refers to the different

political, economic, and social
values held between the North and
South

• The North and South felt very

differently about slavery, so
compromises were reached to try
to make both sides happy

• The Missouri Compromise admitted

Missouri as a slave state and Maine
as a free state, and forbid slavery in
any new states north of Missouri’s
southern border

New Orleans

NORTH

SOUTH

•What is sectionalism?

•How did the Missouri Compromise cause
an issue over the expansion of slavery?

Day 1

Turn and Talk

Day 2

• Many Northerners wanted

Congress to make decisions on
major issues, like slavery, that
would affect all of the states

• Southern states wanted the

right to decide major issues for
themselves (states’ rights)

• Southerners defended their

position by referring to the
10thAmendment

Causes of the Civil War – States’ Rights

•What is states’ rights?

•Explain how the 10thAmendment is
connected to the southern argument of
states’ rights.

Day 2

Turn and Talk

Day 2

Kansas-Nebraska Act

• The Kansas-Nebraska Act created

two new territories, and allowed
people, not the federal government
to vote on the issue of slavery there

• Northern abolitionists (people who

want to get rid of slavery) and
southern slaveowners rushed to the
territory

• The two groups were violent

towards each other and the event
became known as “Bleeding
Kansas”

New Orleans

•How was the Kansas-Nebraska Act an
example of allowing states’ rights?

•Why was the event discussed known as
“Bleeding Kansas”?

Day 2

Turn and Talk

Day 3

• Abraham Lincoln was a member

of the Republican Party who ran
for president in 1860

• Lincoln and Republicans took a

stand against allowing slavery to
spread into new territories

• Southern lawmakers warned that

if Lincoln was elected, then
southern states would secede,
withdraw from the Union (U.S.)

Causes of the Civil War – Secession

Where slavery is
let it be, where it

isn’t it shall

never be

EXIT

•What is secession?

•What event did Southern lawmakers warn
would cause them to secede?

Day 3

Turn and Talk

Day 3

Causes of the Civil War - Secession

• One month after Lincoln was

elected president, South Carolina
became the first state to secede

• Eventually 11 states formed the

country, the Confederate States
of America

• On April 12, 1861, the Battle of

Fort Sumter in South Carolina
took place, and the Civil War had
begun

New Orleans

•What southern state was the first to secede
from the Union (U.S.)?

•What country did southern states that
seceded form?

Day 3

Turn and Talk

Day 4

• President Lincoln preserved the

Union during the war and began
a focus on African American
equality

• During the war, Lincoln freed

slaves in the Confederate States
when he issued the
Emancipation Proclamation

• Juneteenth celebrates the day

Texas slaves learned they had
been freed over two years after
the Emancipation Proclamation
was issued and two months after
the end of the war

Abraham Lincoln

•What was the significance of the
Emancipation Proclamation?

•What is Juneteenth?

Day 4

Turn and Talk

Day 4

Abraham Lincoln

• Lincoln wrote the Gettysburg

Address to honor soldiers killed
during the battle, and remind
people the war was about saving
the Union, freedom, and equality

• At the end of war, Lincoln did not

want to punish the South, but
instead have them rejoin the
Union as quickly as possible

New Orleans

Four score, and
seven years ago…

•What speech did Lincoln give that stated
the Civil War was about not only preserving
the Union, but also about freedom and
equality?

•Why did Lincoln decide not to treat the
South harshly after the war was over?

Day 4

Turn and Talk

Day 5

• Males served as soldiers, worked

in factories, and transported
troops and supplies on railroads

• 11-year-old boys joined the army

to serve as drummers

• Women worked in factories,

cooked meals, sewed uniforms
and tents, and served as nurses
and spies

Roles

•What role did men have during the Civil
War?

•What role did women have during the Civil
War?

Day 5

Turn and Talk

Day 5

African Americans

• Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation

eventually inspired roughly 200,000
African Americans to fight for the
Union forces

• The 54thMassachusetts Regiment was

one of the first African American units
who fought with extreme bravery

• Black soldiers received less pay than

whites until Congress granted equal
pay in 1864

• Black women served as nurses, spies,

and scouts; the most famous being
Harriet Tubman

New Orleans

•Who were the 54thMassachusetts
Regiment?

•How did African Americans contribute
during the Civil War?

Day 5

Turn and Talk

Day 6

Photography and Music

• The Civil War was the first U.S.

war to be largely documented
through photographs

• Matthew Brady and his team of

photographers captured
portraits of soldiers, equipment,
battlefields, and the dead

• When Johnny Comes Marching

Home Again was a popular Civil
War song about people awaiting
the return of their loved ones

•What types of pictures were captured
during the Civil War?

•Why did Americans like the song, When
Johnny Comes Marching Home during the
1860s?

Day 6

Turn and Talk

Day 6

• The war ended in April of 1865

when Confederate General
Robert E. Lee surrendered to
Union General, Ulysses S. Grant
at Appomattox Court House

• Railroads, homes, and farms had

been destroyed in the South,
because of the amount of
fighting that took place there

• More than 600,000 Americans

had died

End of the War

•How did the war end?

•What was one negative result of the war?

Day 6

Turn and Talk

Day 7

Reconstruction

• Reconstruction took place

immediately after the Civil War
from 1865 – 1877

• The South had to be readmitted

into the Union again

• Radical Republicans in Congress

divided the South into 5 military
districts to make sure laws were
followed

•When did Reconstruction take place?

•What was the goal of Reconstruction?

Day 7

Turn and Talk

Day 7

Reconstruction

• Before Southern states were able to

rejoin the U.S., they had to:

• adopt new state constitutions
• ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th

Amendments

• The U.S. government had to figure

out how to help former slaves
become part of everyday society

• The U.S. created the Freedmen’s

Bureau which provided former
slaves with food, housing, medicine,
and building schools

14th

Amendment

13th

Amendment

15th

Amendment

•What requirements did Southern states
have to meet before rejoining the United
States?

•How did the U.S. help former slaves during
Reconstruction?

Day 7

Turn and Talk

Day 8

• The 13thAmendment abolished

(got rid of) slavery in the United
States

• In order for the Southern states to

be admitted back into the Union,
they had to ratify the 13th
Amendment

• Even though slavery was now

illegal, Southern states passed laws
called black codes to limit the
freedoms of African Americans

13th Amendment

•What happened due to the passage of the
13thAmendment?

•How did Southern states try to limit the
freedoms of African Americans?

Day 8

Turn and Talk

Day 8

14th Amendment

• The 14thAmendment granted

citizenship to anyone born in the
United States

• The 14thAmendment also

guarantees equal protection
under the law

• The government had to follow

the rules and protect the rights
of all citizens listed in the U.S.
Constitution

New Orleans

•What happened due to the passage of the
14thAmendment?

•What was to be protected because of the
passage of the 14thAmendment?

Day 8

Turn and Talk

Day 8

• The 15thAmendment granted

African American men the right
to vote

• Southern states tried to prevent

Black men from voting by
requiring them to pass a literacy
(reading) test, and pay a poll tax

15th Amendment

•What happened due to the passage of the
15thAmendment?

•How did the South try to stop Black men
from voting?

Day 8

Turn and Talk

Day 9

• During the Civil War, the

Pacific Railroad Act of 1862
was passed by Congress

• The act required the building

of a railroad that would link
the U.S. from east to west

• The Transcontinental Railroad

helped further develop trade
and travel all across the U.S.

Transcontinental Railroad

•What act established the creation of the
Transcontinental Railroad?

•Why was the Transcontinental Railroad
important?

Day 9

Turn and Talk

Day 9

Transcontinental Railroad

• Many Chinese immigrants, and

some Irish immigrants, worked
on building the Transcontinental
Railroad

• Chinese railroad workers were

often given the most dangerous
jobs, like blasting through
mountains, and were paid less

• The Transcontinental Railroad

was completed during the
Reconstruction era

New Orleans

•Which immigrant group was mainly
responsible for the building of the
Transcontinental Railroad?

•How were the Chinese railroad workers
treated?

Day 9

Turn and Talk