5.13 Physical Properties Lesson

States of Matter

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​5.13 Physical Properties

Multiple Choice

Why can’t we see a Solid vibrating if the particles are vibrating in place?

• Solids do not have particles
• The particles in a solid are not vibrating at all
• The particles in a solid are vibrating in place, but they are not moving from their fixed positions.
• The particles in a solid are moving freely

Multiple Choice

Do particles in a liquid move faster, slower or the same speed when heat is added?

• backwards
• static
• faster
• slower

Multiple Choice

A ___________ substance has a definite volume but not a definite shape.

• gas

• liquid

• solid

Multiple Choice

The particles in a _____________ vibrate, are close together, and do not move freely.

• liquid

• gas

• solid

Multiple Choice

This state of matter takes both the shape and volume of it container.

• gas
• solid
• liquid

Multiple Choice

The phase change from water vapor to liquid water is known as...

• evaporation
• precipitation
• condensation
• sublimation

Multiple Choice

What is the change from a Solid to a Gas due to the gaining of energy?

• Condensation
• Vaporization
• Sublimation
• Deposition

Multiple Choice

When the temperature of matter increases the particles...

• speed up and move closer
• speed up and move farther apart
• slow down and move closer together
• slow down and move farther apart

Physical Changes

Matter

anything that takes up space and has mass

Mass

the amount of matter in an object

measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg)

measured with a balance

Physical Properties

Characteristics you can observe or measure

mass, size, shaper, color, texture, volume are physical properties

Physical Change

a change in which no new substances form

cutting, breaking, bending, warming, mixing, stretching, tearing, crushing, folding, cooling, separating, dissolving, are all physical changes

Mixture

matter made up of two or more substances mixed together

the parts of a mixture can be solids, kiquids, or gases

trail mix is a mixture that can easily be separated

Solution

a mixture in which one substance dissolves in another

All solutions are mixtures, but not all mixtures are solutions.

Methods of Separating Mixtures

Use physical properties: color, texture, etc.

Use a strainer to separate mixtures with parts of different sizes (sifting)

Put the mixture in wqater and see what floats and what sinks (flotation)

Chemical and Physical Changes

Chemical and Physical Changes

• Matter can undergo two types of changes: physical changes and chemical changes.

• A chemical change involves a change in the identity or chemical composition of a substance, such as:

  • Burning, rusting, and rotting.

• A physical change involves changes to the form of a substance, but not to its chemical identity, such as:

  • Freezing, melting, evaporating, and dissolving.

Multiple Choice

Which type of change involves a change in the identity or chemical composition of a substance?

• Physical change

• Chemical change

• Freezing

• Melting

Chemical Change

Chemical change involves a change in the identity or chemical composition of a substance. It results in the formation of new substances with different properties. Examples include burning, rusting, and digestion.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

• Cutting paper

• Folding paper

• Burning paper

• Washing paper

Burning Paper

Burning paper is an example of a chemical change. When paper burns, it undergoes a chemical reaction called combustion, where it combines with oxygen to produce heat, light, and new substances like ash and smoke. This process is irreversible and releases energy.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a chemical change to a slice of bread that is the result of heat?

• The bread is cut.

• The bread is frozen.

• The bread is dropped.

• The bread is toasted.

Signs of a Chemical Change

• Gas Production: Bubbles form when a gas is produced in a reaction involving a liquid.

• Temperature Change: Chemical changes can give off or absorb heat.

• Precipitate Formation: A solid substance separates from a solution, such as a solid sinking to the bottom of a liquid.

• Color Change: A change in color can indicate a chemical reaction.

Multiple Select

Which of the following is an indicator of a chemical reaction?

• Gas Production

• Temperature Change

• Precipitate Formation

• Color Change

• Size Change

Taking Away or Adding Heat...

If you TAKE AWAY heat, an object gets colder... a gas will condensate into a liquid, a liquid will freeze into a solid.
If you ADD heat, an object gets warmer... a solid will melt into a liquid, a liquid will evaporate into a gas.

Solid melts into a Liquid

Liquid evaporates into Gas

Adding Heat to a Substance

Gas condensates into Liquid

Liquid freezes into Solid

Removing Heat from a Substance

Multiple Choice

Dominic leaves a glass of water outside overnight. The next morning, the liquid has changed into a solid. Which of the following most likely caused this to occur?

• Addition of heat

• Addition of a gas

• Removal of heat

• Removal of a gas

Chemical and Physical changes

What's the difference?

Multiple Choice

Which example best describes a physical change?

• iron rusting

• charcoal burning

• an ice cube melting

• a marshmallow burning

Multiple Choice

Phase change from a solid to a gas.

• sublimation

• deposition

• condensation

• evaporation

Multiple Choice

Is respiration an Endothermic or an Exothermic reaction?

• Endothermic

• Exothermic

Multiple Choice

In an endothermic reaction, heat is ...

• taken in

• given out