Gen. Bio Divide and Multiply

Divide and Multiply

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Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Labeling

Label the Fluid mosaic model.

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Phospholipid bilayer (hydrophilic part

Cholesterol

carbohydrate

Integral protein

Cytoskeletal filaments

Phospholipid bilayer (hydrophobic)

Glycoprotein

Peripheral protein

​Why do cells divide?

​​Growth

​Tissue Repair & Regeneration

​​Reproducation

​​Genetic Diversity

​​Maintenance of Cellular Function

​1. How are cancer cells different from normal cells? What key differences do you notice between normal cells and cancer cells in the video, and why do you think these differences lead to uncontrolled growth?

2.In what ways do you think cancer treatments target the cell cycle, and how might this understanding influence the effectiveness of these treatments?

 
3.What is cell cycle and why is it important to have checkpoints within each level? What controls this checkpoints?

Relevance to the topic - 7 pts
Depth of reflection - 10 pts
Communication of Ideas - 3 pts
20 pts

​Questions to Ponder

1. Positive Regulators

2. Negative Regulators

3. Checkpoint Mechanism

4. Importance of Regulations

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​Regulation of Cell Cycle

Major Phases

• It is traditionally divided into four main phases: G1 (gap 1), S (synthesis), G2 (gap 2), and M (mitosis).

• During G1, the cell grows and produces proteins and organelles. The S phase is where DNA is replicated, forming sister chromatids. G2 follows, involving further growth, synthesize protein and preparation for mitosis.

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​Cell Cycle

Checkpoints

• The cell cycle is tightly regulated by checkpoints at the G1, G2, and M phases, ensuring that conditions are favorable for progression to the next phase. For instance, the G1 checkpoint verifies cell size, DNA integrity, and nutrient availability, while the G2 checkpoint checks the accuracy of DNA replication

Mitosis consists of four key phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each phase represents specific events in the organization and separation of chromosomes, beginning with their condensation and culminating with the formation of two new nuclei.

​The ultimate goal of mitosis is to produce two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell, thereby preserving the same genetic information in both new cells.​ This process is essential for growth, development, and repair in multicellular organisms, ensuring that each new cell retains a complete set of chromosomes

​Mitosis