Revision for Atomic Structure Topic Test

Revision for Atomic Structure Topic Test

Subatomic Particles

• Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• Protons and neutrons form the nucleus, while electrons move around the nucleus in shells.

• Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have a neutral charge, and electrons have a negative charge.

• The number of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number and the number of protons + neutrons is the atomic mass (weight of the atom).

Electrons and Valence Shells

• Atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled with eight electrons (or 2 in the first shell). This is called the octet rule.

• Elements tend to react to achieve a stable electron configuration.

• Positive ions form when atoms lose electrons, while negative ions form when atoms gain electrons.

• Examples include N^3- (nitrogen ion) and Na¹⁺ (sodium ion) in reaching octet configurations.

Isotopes

• Isotopes are atoms of the same element (same number of protons) with different numbers of neutrons. They behave similarly in chemical reactions but may have different physical properties.

• Isotopes are referenced by their mass number, which is the total number of protons and neutrons.

• Examples include Hydrogen-1, Hydrogen-2, and Hydrogen-3 with different numbers of neutrons.

Multiple Choice

Number of protons in an atom's nucleus, defining its element.

• Nuclear number

• Atomic mass

• Atomic number

• Atomic weight

Multiple Choice

What is the charge of the calcium ion?

• +6

• +2

• -2

• -8

Multiple Choice

Particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up atoms.

• Proton

• Subatomic particles

• Atomic number

• Scanning tunnelling microscope

Multiple Choice

What subatomic particle is the lightest?

• Proton

• Neutron

• Electron

Multiple Choice

Process where unstable atoms release energy to become stable

• Atomic number

• Radioactivity

• Gamma radiation

• Nuclear decay

Fill in the Blanks

An atom has an electron configuration of 2,6.

Look at the periodic table, and identify which element the atom belongs to.

Multiple Choice

How many electrons are in the valence shell of sodium?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Categorize

Options (7)

Positive charge

Found in the nucleus

Neutral charge

Found in the nucleu

Negative charge

Moves in shells around the nucleus

Has no impact on atomic mass

Sort the following characteristics into their correct subatomic particle.

Proton

Neutron

Electron

Open Ended

Explain why electrons are not included in the atomic mass of an atom.

Open Ended

Describe how an atom becomes a negative ion.

Open Ended

What is the relationship between the atomic number and the identity of an element?

Open Ended

How does the octet rule influence the formation of ions?

Multiple Choice

Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

• Protons

• Neutrons

• Electrons

Multiple Choice

The blue atoms are called 

• metals
• nonmetals
• metalloids
• noble gases

Multiple Choice

The yellow atoms are called 

• metals
• nonmetals
• metalloids
• noble gases

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a compound?

• Co
• O₂
• C
• CO₂

Multiple Choice

In the chemical equation below, what is the PRODUCT?

NaCl → Na + Cl

• Na + Cl

• NaCl

• →

• N

Multiple Choice

In the chemical equation below, what is the REACTANT?

CO₂ → C + O₂

• →

• C + O₂

• CO₂

• physical change

Multiple Choice

Sodium reacts with chlorine to produce sodium chloride. Choose the correct word equation.

• sodium chloride → chlorine + sodium

• sodium + carbon dioxide → sodium carbonate

• sodium + chlorine → sodium chloride

Multiple Choice

Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. The correct word equation is...

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

What is the correct formula for Lithium Oxide?

• LiO

• LiO₂

• Li₂O

• Li₂O₂

Multiple Choice

How many elements are in C₆H₁₂O₆?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 24

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements would you name first when naming the compound?

• Lithium

• Chlorine

Multiple Choice

Which of the following elements would you name first when naming the compound?

• Aluminium

• Oxygen