SCI4 Friction 09/05

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Do Now

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4th Grade Science
Force/Fuerza and/y Motion/Movimiento
Topic 2/Lesson 1

Teacher Facing
September 4, 2024

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Force and Motion

LO: SWBAT plan a descriptive investigation to explore
the patterns of friction.

DOL: Given scenarios, SW correctly describe patterns
of friction in at least 4 of 5 questions.

SCI.4.7A Plan and conduct descriptive investigations to explore the patterns of forces such as gravity, friction, or magnetism in contact
or at a distance on an object.
SEPs 4.1B, 4.2B
RTCs 4.5A

Think, Pair, Share your understanding with your table mate, partner "B' shares first!



A force is anything that can cause an object to move. It may be experienced as a push or a pull.

A motion is caused by applying a force (push or a pull) to an object.

An object is in motion when its position is changing.

Changes in speed (measured as distance traveled) or direction of motion are caused by forces.

The greater the force is, the greater the change in motion can be.

The more massive an object is, the less effect a given force.

ENGAGE

A force is anything that can cause an object to move. It may be experienced as a push or a pull.

Motion is caused by applying a force (push or a pull) to an object.

An object is in motion when its position is changing.

Changes in speed (measured as distance traveled) or direction of motion are caused by forces.

The greater the force is, the greater the change in motion can be.

The more massive an object is, the less effect a given for

Match

Match the word with the correct definition.

• Friction

• Gravity

• Pull

• Push

• Motion

A force that resists (slows down or stops) the motion of two surfaces sliding across one another

The force that causes objects with mass to attract to one another

A force that when applied, moves an object towards you

A force that, when applied, moves an object away from you

A change in position of an object

• A force that resists (slows down or stops) the motion of two surfaces sliding across one another

• The force that causes objects with mass to attract to one another

• A force that when applied, moves an object towards you

• A force that, when applied, moves an object away from you

• A change in position of an object

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Essential Understandings &

Guiding Questions

What causes a moving object to slow down and stop?

What tools can be used to measure the force of friction?

What causes a moving object to slow down and stop?

Multiple Choice

Friction means:

• two surfaces rubbing against each other

• a part of a whole

• when something does not move

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Lesson Vocabulary

force

friction

testable question

prediction

investigation

variable

conclusion

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What indicators of energy do you observe?

What changes
in motion do
you notice?

Based on what
you know
about forces,
why do you
think the ball
slows down
and stops?

What forces
are acting on
the golf ball to
cause its
motion to
change?

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A testable question is one that can be answered through
hands-on investigation, experiments, or observations.

Characteristics

of a Testable

Question

● Specific
● Measurable
● Observable
● Repeatable
● Hypothesis-Driven

Testable Questions

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How will the

material affect
how the marble

rolls?

Is this a good or bad testable question?

19

How does a
marble roll?

Is this a good or bad testable question?

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Work with your partner to record an investigation question on your sticky
note.

You should be able to use your investigation question and the provided
materials to investigate the force that causes a moving model car to slow
down and stop.

Testable Investigation Questions

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Variables

Based on your questions, what variable should we
change to help us understand the force that causes a
model car to slow down and stop?

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Fair Test Guidelines

Investigation

Question

Change One
Variable at a

Time

Keep All

Other

Variables the

Same

Gather Data
in the Same
Way Each

Time

Gather Data

as

Accurately
as Possible

How do different
materials affect the
distance the model
car travels?

Material model car
rolls on:
sandpaper, wax
paper, corrugated
cardboard, carpet
scrap

▪Placement of material
▪Placement of model
car: place the car in
the same starting
position each time
▪Speed of car: roll the
car the same way
each time so that the
car’s starting speed is
the same

▪Take
measurements.
▪Record data in a
table.

▪Use a meter stick
to measure (in
centimeters) the
distance the car
travels before it
comes to rest.

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Class Investigation Plan

Using the class fair
test guidelines chart,

create a class

investigation plan.

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Ask Questions

We can ask questions to learn about the natural world. A scientist
might ask how an animal finds food deep in the ocean. Engineers
define problems, such as those caused by pollution in the ocean.

Photo credit: W. Scott McGill/Shutterstock

What questions could

you ask about this

fossil?

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Plan and Conduct an Investigation

We can learn about the natural world by planning and safely
conducting investigations. A scientist may simply observe a
phenomenon, or they may change a variable and study the
effects of changing it.

What variable
was changed in
this investigation?

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Use Appropriate Tools

We can use tools to take measurements when we collect data.
We can also use tools to make observations. Examples of tools
are hand lenses, thermometers, rulers, and computers.

Photo credit: Tetra Images, LLC/Alamy Stock Photo

How are these

students using the
tool to collect data?

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Prediction

A guess to the
answer of a scientific
question based on
prior knowledge and
observations

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Testable Question

A question that can
be answered by
designing and
conducting an
experiment

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Investigation

Observing or
studying the natural
world

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Variable

The one thing that
changes in an
experiment to see
how it affects the
outcome

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Conclusion

The outcomes of an
experiment

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Force

A push or pull, which
may cause a change
in an object’s motion

Image by skeeze from Pixabay

33

Friction

A force that resists
(slows down or
stops) the motion of
two surfaces sliding
across one another

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Observe the investigation below. Write a testable
question that can be written based on the details

provided.

Investigation

Materials: A ramp, a toy car, and different materials to cover the ramp (e.g.,
felt, aluminum foil, wax paper).

Procedure:
Cover the ramp with one type of material.
Release the toy car from the top and time how long it takes to reach the bottom.
Repeat with different materials.

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What is a variable in a scientific investigation?

A. Something that stays the same throughout the experiment

B. Something that changes or can be changed in an

experiment

C. A type of measurement used in science

D. The conclusion drawn from the experiment

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DOL: Given
scenarios, SW
correctly describe
patterns of
friction in at least
4 of 5 questions.

Demonstration of Learning

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from Adobe Stock. Adobe Stock
https://stock.adobe.com

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from Great Minds. Great Minds
https://digital.greatminds.org

●Some images used in this lesson are taken from SAVVAS realize. SAVVAS
realize https://www.savvasrealize.com

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Copyright for Reference