World History Chap. 7 lesson 4

The republic
faces
problems

Chapter 7 Lesson 4

●By 131 B.C., Rome had grown so big. It controlled
Greek city-states and Asia Minor “Our Sea”

Why did the roman poor grow poorer?

● In the early beginning of the Republic, it depended

on its citizens to be soldiers. (many were farmers)

● When they fought in Italy and were able to go

home.

● As the Republic got bigger, the soldiers

○ away from home longer

○ returned home to nothing

Romans grow
poorer cont.

● without land, farmers moved to

city
○ could not find work
○ competing with slaves for jobs

○ sold their votes for money to

survive

● Poor became poorer

Open Ended

What happened to the land of citizen soldiers when they went to fight during the wars?

●

Tiberius Gracchus, a tribune, tried
to give land to poor

●

he felt the soldiers got nothing

●

plebeians loved him

●

patrician senators feared him

●

Gracchus and his followers were

killed

What happened to those who
helped the poor?

Those who helped the poor cont.

●
Gaius Gracchus elected tribune, too

●
lowered the price of grain for poor

●
helped people become Italian citizens

●
patrician senators:

○did not want changes

○stopped reforms

●
Gaius & his followers

were killed

Open Ended

Who tried to give public land to the poor?

How did military leaders gain power?

●

plebeians & tribunes wanted reform-patricians did
not

●

army stepped in & took over, General Marius

●

used farmers with no land

●

promised them money

●

conquered North Africa and western Europe

●

soldiers were loyal to him

military leaders gain power cont.

●In 88 B.C. another
general, Lucius Sulla
challenged Marius

●Lucius defeated him
and named himself
dictator

●Sulla threw out the 6
month law for
dictators

●Other generals ruled
Rome until 27 B.C.

Open Ended

How was the general Marius able to win the loyalty of landless soldiers?

●Crassus

●Pompey the Great

●Julius Caesar- consul

What was the first triumvirate?

●In 60 B.C. three men
agreed to rule
together= First
Triumvirate

●lasted 10 years

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Multiple Choice

We call the rule of three Romans in 60 B.C. the ____.

• Mare Nostrum

• tax

• senate

• First Trimvirate

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