ecology

Multiple Choice

• a carnivore
• a decomposer
• a herbivore
• a producer

Multiple Choice

• grass snakes
• lettuce plants
• slugs
• fungi

Multiple Choice

• antelopes
• carbon dioxide
• hyaenas
• the sun

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

• 0
• 1
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

• leaves of plants
• meat
• sunlight
• water

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

Members of a species in a defined area

• Ecosystem
• community
• biodiversity
• population

Multiple Choice

Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem

• biotic factor
• abiotic factor
• food chain 
• biome

Multiple Choice

What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?

• carbohydrates
• sunlight
• water
• carbon

Multiple Choice

The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.

• Abiotic factors
• Biotic factors

Multiple Choice

A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.

• Population
• Ecosystem
• Community
• Ecosphere

Multiple Choice

Individuals that can breed with one another make up a

• species
• population
• community
• ecosystem

Multiple Choice

Organisms that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals

• Autotroph
• Heterotroph
• Omnivore
• Carnivore

Multiple Choice

Fungi are a  ________

• Autotrophs
• Heterotroopers
• Decomposers
• Primary Consumers

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an organism that eats only meat?

• herbivore
• carnivore
• omnivore

Multiple Choice

Which of the following terms describes an area where an organism lives?

• community
• habitat
• area

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

The approximate amount of energy that is transferred between each trophic level is:

• 10%

• 0.1%

• 90%

• It totally depends on the ecosystem.

Multiple Choice

Why are there generally a maximum of five trophic levels?

• It's far easier to draw a pyramid that way.

• Because energy is lost at each level, there isn't enough energy left to support any more consumers.

• Generally a top predator is so fierce it has no predators and therefore can rule the top trophic level without fear.

• There simply is not a word beyond quaternary.

• BTW the word after quaternary is quinary (always read all the options in multiple choice questions)

Multiple Choice

Which one is most likely the pyramid of biomass?

• A

• B

Multiple Choice

All ecosystems are the same size:

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the term used to describe a community of living organisms and their physical environment?

• Biome

• Ecosystem

• Habitat

• Niche

Multiple Choice

Explain the concept of food chains in an ecosystem.

• Food chains in an ecosystem represent the competition between different species for resources.

• Food chains in an ecosystem represent the hierarchy of organisms based on their size.

• Food chains in an ecosystem represent the migration patterns of animals.

• Food chains in an ecosystem represent the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another.

Multiple Choice

• an arrow from plants to animals
• an arrow from carbon dioxide in the air to animals
• an arrow from carbon dioxide in the air to fossil fuels
• an arrow from animals to plants

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

• P, Q + R
• P, Q + S
• T, S + V
• T, U + V

Multiple Choice

• A     1 and 2
• B     1 and 4
• C     2 and 3
• D     3 and 4

Multiple Choice

The air we breathe is only ____% oxygen.

• 10
• 21
• 78
• 90

Multiple Choice

What is the greenhouse effect?

• It is a phenomenon where the sun’s rays are absorbed by clouds.

• It is a phenomenon that occurs when heat escapes into space.

• It is when heat is trapped by gases, then sent back to earth’s surface.

• It describes the atmosphere’s composition.

Multiple Choice

What is happening at 1?

• respiration: releasing CO2
• decomposing CO2 in the soil
• photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
• turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules

Multiple Choice

Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?

• water
• nutrients
• air
• fossil fuels

Multiple Choice

Bacteria which convert nitrogen gas into bio-available forms of nitrogen, such as ammonia and nitrate, are known as _____

• De-nitrification bacteria 
• Nitrogen fixing bacteria
• Oxidizers
• Buffers

Multiple Choice

How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen gas?

• 87%
• 38%
• 78%
• 21%

Multiple Choice

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive

• only plants
• only animals
• only bacteria
• all living organisms

Multiple Choice

Nitrification happens in the ______

• Air 
• Soil 
• Ground Water 
• Plants 

Multiple Choice

Which nitrogen cycle process is occurring when bacteria convert ammonium to nitrite and then into nitrate?

• nitrogen fixation

• nitrification

• denitrification

• ammonification

• assimilation

Multiple Choice

Algal bloom absorbs sunlight

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

In eutrophication, what does 'algal bloom' refer to?

• The rapid increase in the number of bacteria

• The rapid increase in the number of plants

• The rapid decrease in the number of fish

• The rapid increase in the amount of nitrates in the river

Multiple Choice

Eutrophication is defined as a change that occurs to an aquatic ecosystem. This change is mainly due to what?

• Newly introduced fish

• Depletion of the ozone layer

• Increased nutrient concentration

• Increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct order of changes that occur during eutrophication?

• Aquatic plants cannot photosynthesize and die. Algal blooms blocks light from entering lower levels of a pond or lake. The fish and other aquatic organisms die. The bacteria decompose the algae, and they use up a lot of oxygen during this process. The algae die.

• Algal blooms blocks light from entering lower levels of a pond or lake. Aquatic plants cannot photosynthesize and die. The algae die. The fish and other aquatic organisms die. The bacteria decompose the algae, and they use up a lot of oxygen during this process.

• Algal blooms blocks light from entering lower levels of a pond or lake. Aquatic plants cannot photosynthesize and die. The algae die. The bacteria decompose the algae, and they use up a lot of oxygen during this process. The fish and other aquatic organisms die.

• Aquatic plants cannot photosynthesize and die. Algal blooms blocks light from entering lower levels of a pond or lake. The bacteria decompose the algae, and they use up a lot of oxygen during this process. The algae die. The fish and other aquatic organisms die.

Multiple Select

When talking about fertilizers in Eutrophication, fertilizers contain...

(pick TWO answers)

• Carbohydrates

• Sulfates

• Phosphates

• Nitrates

Multiple Choice

Fertilizers are insoluble in water

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Leaching is...

• When acid rain harms plants

• When fertilizers are stuck in soil, harming plants

• When fertilizers are washed away by rain, ending up in rivers/streams

• When fertilizers are taken up into the plant to be used for chemical processes

Multiple Choice

Nitrates that have been leached are used by...

• The ocean

• Fish

• Clams

• Algae and green plants

Multiple Choice

What are the dangers of excessive growth of algae and plants

• They might take up too much room

• They block sunlight for other organisms

• They do not harm other organisms

• Other organisms eat them and they are toxic

Multiple Choice

Once the algae/green plants die, they are food for...

• Fish

• Plankton

• Fungi

• Saprophytic Bacteria

Multiple Choice

Place the followng in the correct order:

1. Large amounts of Bacteria Respire

2. Other organisms have to move habitat

3. Bacteria begin to reproduce rapidly

4. Less oxygen is available for other organisms

• 1,2,3,4

• 4,3,2,1

• 1,4,2,3

• 3,1,4,2

Multiple Choice

Which of these is one cause of deforestation?

• Urbanization

• Buying a Christmas tree during the holidays

• Overbreeding birds in the wild

• Cutting down the tree in your backyard

Multiple Choice

What is deforestation?

• Clearing Earth's forests on a massive scale
• Eating too much vegetables
• Going to a forest and pulling weeds
• Clearing the five trees in my backyard

Multiple Choice

The largest threat to biodiversity is

• bacteria

• fungi

• humans

• plants

Multiple Choice

Identify the process shown in this diagram.

• Extinction
• Toxin Accumulation
• Pollution
• Biomagnification