Topic 6: Reviewing Nationalism: Friday, November 8

Reviewing Nationalism
Friday, November 8

What are the main causes and consequences of the European revolutions of the 1830s?

​Nationalism and liberalism inspired revolutions that challenged traditional, conservative ruling powers throughout Europe in the 1830s. Nationalism inspired many regions to try to break away from the imperialist empires that controlled them. While this led to some successes, such as the creation of Belgium, imperial armies crushed revolts in place such as Poland and the Italian kingdoms.

Why did it take so long for Germany and Italy to emerge as independent, unified nations?

​Powerful European empires and monarchies limited nationalist revolts in these regions for many years. Things began to change with the weakening of major powers after the Crimean War and the rise of strong nationalist leaders such as Giuseppe Garibaldi and Otto von Bismarck. They served as romantic heroes who united their people, but were also skilled political and military leaders capable of achieving the creation of new nations.

What political, economic, and social problems related to slavery did the newly independent Latin American countries face?

​Political, economic, and social problems related to slavery included debate between liberals and conservatives about whether the colonial system of slavery should be dismantled, how quickly slavery should be ended, whether Enlightenment ideas applied to enslaved people, and whether the institution of slavery was necessary for an economy that required labor to produce cash crops.

What were the role of creoles in Mexican and South American independence movements?

​Creoles were people of European descent, often Spanish, who were born in the Americas. They usually held important local leadership roles. Independence movements in Mexico and South America did not gain much success until creoles joined the fight. Most leaders in the newly independent countries were creoles.

What are some common themes among reform movements of the 1800s?

​Most reform movements of the 1800s shared the common theme of greater freedom and representation among the people. This included expanding universal male suffrage in some places and ending slavery or serfdom in others. The movements had mixed results in improving the lives of ordinary people.

​The next twenty slides are mostly multiple-choice questions and a few "putting events in order." You have unlimited attempts. Take advantage of that opportunity

Multiple Select

Nineteenth-century art changed as a result of romanticism by (choose two)

• showcasing heroic images.

• promoting nationalistic ideals.

• highlighting the strength of monarchies.

• arguing for a return to feudalism.

Multiple Choice

How did Francois-Dominique Toussaint-Louverture’s guidance for the new government indicate that the application of Enlightenment ideals differed in Haiti from those in France and America?

• A free press would be established to safeguard the people against abuses from the government, unlike in other areas.

• Free trade would be established to encourage the economic independence the other revolutions had not achieved.

• 
  The ideal of equality would immediately apply to all and not just to land-owning men or free men.

• Property rights would be protected by the government, and land would not be redistributed as it had in other revolutions.

Multiple Select

Because of the French Revolution of 1848, the people of France (choose three)

• no longer had a king.

• were part of the Second Republic.

• had a new constitution.

• were the strongest nation in Europe.

Multiple Choice

Revolutions in the Austrian Empire during the 1840s failed because the Austrian

• Empire was spread over a large geographic area.

• people wanted everyone to have equal rights under the law.

• leaders convinced the people to accept monarchial rule.

• government fought back with military force.

Multiple Choice

The Crimean War was caused by the

• refusal of the British to support the Ottomans in battle.

• alliance between the Turks and the Russians.

• Russian invasion of Moldavia and Walachia.

• conflicts over trade between the Ottomans and the British.

Multiple Select

As a result of the Crimean War, the (choose three)

• Austrians and Russians became enemies.

• Concert of Europe was destroyed.

• European monarchies refused to cooperate with each other

• Silk Road was reopened to international trade.

Multiple Choice

Art was affected by realism by

• showcasing ordinary people as they actually lived and worked.

• highlighting romantic settings and heroic accomplishments

• including two-dimensional rather than three-dimensional images.

• portraying scenes that celebrated life in an ideal world

Multiple Choice

Great Britain’s Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 was partly due to the

• influence and efforts of the abolitionists in the United States.

• increase of machine-produced goods during the Industrial Revolution.

• importation of cotton from the United States.

• demise of British colonies in Western Africa.

Multiple Choice

France’s Napoleon III liberalized his regime in the 1860s by

• taking complete control of the government.

• giving the legislature more power.

• limiting civil liberties.

• focusing on expanding the economy.

Multiple Select

During the reform movement in Russia, Czar Alexander II (choose three)

• freed the serfs and allowed them to own property

• improved Russia’s railway system.

• sponsored industrialization programs to help improve the economy

• prohibited foreign investors from providing funds for Russian industry.

Multiple Choice

In this quote, Toussaint Louverture is referring to his work during the

• Haitian Revolution.

• Crimean War.

• American Civil War.

• French Revolution.

Multiple Choice

The map shows that

• there were more revolutions in 1848 than in 1830.

• the Ottoman Empire was untouched by the revolutions.

• Paris was the inspiration for revolutions throughout Europe.

• Switzerland stayed neutral throughout the revolutions of the 1800s.

Multiple Choice

Based on the map, it can be concluded that the revolutions of the 1830s

• were totally unsuccessful.

• inspired revolutions in later years.

• were put down quickly by governments.

• did not reflect democratic ideals.

Multiple Select

According to this table, the French and central European revolutionaries wanted (choose three)

• a constitution.

• freedom from monarchies.

• a say in their government.

• freedom from foreign rulers.

Multiple Choice

This table shows that Italy and Germany both

• desired suffrage for all citizens.

• were inspired by the United States.

• wanted to be free of outside influences.

• finally achieved their goals in the 1870s.

Multiple Choice

Latin American colonies were inspired by the French and American Revolutions to

• set up democracies and free elections.

• abolish slavery and redistribute land.

• gain independence from Europe.

• 
  dismantle all colonial systems.

Multiple Choice

Because they controlled land and businesses, creoles were attracted to the Enlightenment ideal of

• free press.

• equality for all.

• imperialism.

• free trade.

Multiple Choice

How was the revolt led by Francois-Dominique Toussaint-Louverture on Saint Domingue different from the other revolutions?

• The revolt was led by enslaved people.

• The revolt was led by local officials.

• The revolt was led by indigenous people.

• 
  The revolt was led by the creole elite.

Reorder

Independence in Latin America 1804-1822

Reorder the following

• Saint Domingue, now Haiti

• Argentina

• Chile

• Mexico

• Brazil

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Reorder

Key Events of The Era of Nationalism

Reorder the following

• Haiti declares independence from France

• Congress of Vienna meets

• Mexico declares independence from Spain

• Greece declares independence from the Ottoman Empire

• French Revolution creates a constitutional monarchy

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5