Net+ 2.1 Slides Review

media access control

collision domains​

Big topics

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​

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is transferring data from one device to another. Data is sent point-to point via wired or wireless streams or ​

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. ​

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(1s and 0s) are transmitted across the channels.

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​

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is transferring data from one device to another. Data is sent point-to point via wired or wireless streams or ​

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. ​

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(1s and 0s) are transmitted across the channels.

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​

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include copper wires, fiber optic cables, or wireless signals. The speed at which the data is sent is the ​

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. ​

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mechanisms detect transmission errors.

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​

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include copper wires, fiber optic cables, or wireless signals. The speed at which the data is sent is the ​

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. ​

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mechanisms detect transmission errors.

Multiple Choice

IEEE 802.3 standards define

• The standards for wired Ethernet networks.
• The standards for wireless communication.
• The standards for fiber optic networks.
• The standards for Bluetooth technology.

Multiple Choice

IEEE 802.3 standards fall on what TWO layers.

• Presentation layer and Network layer
• Network layer and Transport layer
• Data Link layer and Physical layer
• Application layer and Session layer

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Match the Base to the Speed

• 10Base-T

• 100Base-T

• 1000Base-T

• 10GBase-T

10 Mbps

100 Mbps

1000 Mbps

10 Gbps

• 10 Mbps

• 100 Mbps

• 1000 Mbps

• 10 Gbps

Match

Match the base to the scenario

• 10Base-T

• 100Base-T

• 1000Base-T

• 10GBase-T

Slowest, legacy

Slow, Legacy

Standard

Datacenter

• Slowest, legacy

• Slow, Legacy

• Standard

• Datacenter

Categorize

Options (6)

10Base-T

100Base-TX

100Base-T

1000Base-T

10GBase-T

Telephone

Organize cable types

UTP

Cat5 or higher

Cat6 or higher

Cat3

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) is a media access control (MAC) method used in Ethernet networks. It essentially dictates how multiple devices share a single cable to transmit data without causing chaos.

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Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) is a ​

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(MAC) method used in ​

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networks. It essentially ​

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how multiple devices ​

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a single cable to transmit data without causing ​

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.

Carrier Sense:

Before transmitting data, a device listens to the network cable to see if it's currently being used by another device. This is like checking if someone is already talking on a walkie-talkie before you try to speak.

If the cable is free (carrier sense), the device can proceed with sending its data.

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Before transmitting data, a device ​

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to the network cable to see if it's currently being used by another ​

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. This is like checking if someone is already talking on a walkie-talkie before you try to speak.

If the cable is ​

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(carrier sense), the device can proceed with ​

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its data.

Multiple Access:

In a CSMA/CD network, multiple devices share the same cable. This means they all have the potential to transmit data at any given time.

Imagine a classroom where everyone can raise their hand to answer a question, but only one person can speak at a time.

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Multiple Access:

In a CSMA/CD network, ​

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devices share the same cable. This means they all have the potential to ​

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data at any given time.

Imagine a classroom where everyone can raise their hand to answer a question, but only ​

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can speak at a time.

Collision Detection
Even after checking the cable, collisions can still happen if two devices attempt to transmit data simultaneously. This is like two people talking over each other at the same time.

When a collision occurs, both devices detect it and stop transmitting for a random amount of time before retrying. This helps prevent further collisions and ensures data gets sent eventually.

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Collision Detection
Even after checking the cable, ​

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can still happen if two devices attempt to transmit data ​

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. This is like two people talking over each other at the same time.

When a collision occurs, both devices ​

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for a random amount of time before retrying. This helps​

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and ensures data gets sent eventually.

Match

CSMA/CD Diagram

• Data to Transmit

• Check Network

• Transmit Data

• Collision

• Wait

"Ready to send packet."

"Is the line clear?"

"Sending packet now."

"Packet collision detected."

"Waiting after collision."

• "Ready to send packet."

• "Is the line clear?"

• "Sending packet now."

• "Packet collision detected."

• "Waiting after collision."

Fiber Optic Ethernet - higher bandwidth and longer distances compared to traditional copper-based Ethernet standards.

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Fiber Optic Ethernet - ​

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bandwidth and ​

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distances compared to ​

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copper-based Ethernet ​

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.

fiber optic cables transmit data using light pulses, which travel faster and experience less signal degradation over distance compared to electrical signals in copper cables

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fiber optic cables transmit data using ​

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pulses, which travel ​

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and experience less signal ​

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over distance compared to ​

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signals in copper cables

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​

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offers longer reach but requires specialized connectors, while ​

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is more common for shorter distances and easier to connect.

Multiple Select

Fiber standard that are rated for 100 mbps

• 100BASE-TX, multimode fiber with appropriate transceivers
• 10BASE-T, twisted pair cable
• 100BASE-FX, multi-mode fiber

• 1000BASE-T, gigabit Ethernet

Single-mode offers longer reach but requires specialized connectors, while Multi-mode is more common for shorter distances and easier to connect.

100Base-SX might be suitable for short-distance, high-bandwidth connections within a building, while 10GBase-LR is suited for long-haul applications between buildings or campuses.

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​

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might be suitable for short-distance, high-bandwidth connections within a building, while ​

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is suited for long-haul applications between buildings or campuses.

additional benefits of Fiber Optics like immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI) which can disrupt copper cables in certain environments.

while fiber optic cabling offers superior performance, it can have a higher initial cost compared to copper.

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additional benefits of Fiber Optics like ​

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to ​

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which can disrupt copper cables in certain environments.


while fiber optic cabling offers superior performance, it can have a ​

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compared to copper.

Multiple Choice

CSMA/CD regulates communication in networks with shared transmission media.

• True

• False

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