AP Bio U3L6 Overview of Cellular Respiration Pathways

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements most accurately explains the relationship between lactic acid fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration?

• During physical activity, if oxygen availability is normal, aerobic respiration produces energy for the body; if oxygen becomes low, muscle cells undergo lactic acid fermentation, causing the production of lactic acid.

• During physical activity, if oxygen availability is normal, aerobic respiration produces energy for the body; if oxygen becomes high, muscle cells undergo lactic acid fermentation, causing the production of lactic acid.

• During physical activity, if oxygen availability is low, aerobic respiration produces energy for the body; if oxygen becomes low, muscle cells undergo lactic acid fermentation, causing the production of lactic acid.

• During physical activity, if oxygen availability is normal, anaerobic respiration produces energy for the body; if oxygen becomes low, muscle cells undergo lactic acid fermentation, causing the production of lactic acid.

Multiple Choice

In a research lab, scientists broke up and separated human muscle cells into fractions of mitochondria and cytoplasm. Each fraction was incubated with either glucose or pyruvate. Tests were conducted during this incubation period to test for the presence of either carbon dioxide or lactic acid. The table below displays the results obtained. Based on the results, which of the following statements best explains what is indicated by the presence of lactic acid in a sample?

• Glycolysis occurs in the presence of oxygen and in the presence of glucose. Therefore, adding glucose to mitochondria creates a presence of lactic acid.

• Glycolysis occurs in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of glucose. Therefore, adding glucose to the mitochondria creates a presence of lactic acid.

• Lactic acid fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of glucose. Therefore, adding glucose to the cytoplasm creates an absence of lactic acid.

• Lactic acid fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of glucose. Therefore, adding glucose to the cytoplasm creates a presence of lactic acid.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes how the consumption of a meal supplies the body with the energy needed to run a marathon?

• The consumption of macromolecules results in the introduction of ATP to the body, which starts the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

• The consumption of macromolecules results in the introduction of glucose to the body, which starts the Krebs cycle.

• The consumption of macromolecules results in the introduction of glucose to the body, which starts the process of glycolysis.

• The consumption of macromolecules results in the introduction of ATP to the body, which starts the process of cellular respiration.