Motion Distance Velocity Acceleration

Position

• the location of an object at any particular time

• to determine motion one needs to know their position and have a frame of reference

​Distance is 3 + 1 which makes a total of 4 miles
Displacement is +3 + (-1) , which is an overall position change of 2 miles in the + direction

Scalar vs Vector

• Scalar - a quantity, such as distance, that has magnitude (size/amount) but does not take into account direction

• Vector - a quantity, such as displacement, that has both magnitude (size/amount) and direction

• Vectors in the same directions are added together

• Vectors in opposite directions are subtracted

  
  

Fill in the Blanks

On his fishing trip, Justin takes the boat 12 km South. The fish aren't biting so he goes 4 km West. He follows a school of fish 1 km North. What distance did he cover?

km

Fill in the Blanks

Preston goes on a camel safari in Africa. Then he travels 5 km North, 3 km East, and then 1 km North again. What distance did he cover?

Velocity

• We sometimes use the terms velocity and speed interchangeably, but they are not the same thing

• Velocity: Describes both the speed and direction of an object

  • Example: Speed would be 60 km/hour, Velocity would be 60 km/hour to the west​

• Changing the velocity involves changing the speed, direction, or both

• Represented with arrow indicating the direction​

Velocity

Multiple Choice

Adam is driving his car for a distance of 500 km in 3 hr. What is his speed?

• 1500 km/hr

• 166.7 km/hr

• 500 km/hr

• 100 km/hr

Multiple Choice

Abby is driving at a speed of 30 km/hr over a distance of 600 km. How long will it take her to go 600 km?

• 300 hr

• 20 hr

• 15 hr

• 90 hr

Multiple Choice

Mr. Mellon is walking to school at a pace of 5m/s and the school is 500 s away. How long will it take him to get to school?

• 100 s

• 2500 s

• 10 s

• 150 s

Multiple Choice

A child riding their bike down the street rides 20 meters in 14 seconds. What is their speed?

• 6 km/h

• 1.4 mph

• 1.4

• 1.4 m/s

Multiple Choice

A hockey puck slides across the ice. It makes it from one side of the rink to the other (60 meters) in 1.36 seconds. How fast was the hockey puck traveling?

• 44 m/s

• 81.6 m/s

• 100 mph

• 0.002 m/s

Acceleration

The change in an object's velocity(amount or direction) over time, due to an unbalanced force.

3 ways to accelerate:

Speed up ( increase velocity)
Slow Down (decrease velocity)
Change Direction (rotate/turn)

 

Match

Match the following

• Speed

• Velocity

• Acceleration

How Fast something moves

How fast something moves in a given direction

The rate at which velocity changes

• How Fast something moves

• How fast something moves in a given direction

• The rate at which velocity changes

Calculating Acceleration

• To determine the acceleration of an object moving in a straight line, you need to calculate the change in speed over a unit of time

  • Measured in m/s²

Multiple Choice

A person on a sled slides down a hill. Near the top of the hill they are moving at 1 m/s and near the bottom of the hill they are moving at 6 m/s. It took them 2.5 seconds to slide down the hill. What was their acceleration?

• 0

• 2 m/s²

• 2.5 m/s²

• 5 m/s²

Multiple Choice

A roller coasters accelerates from an initial velocity of of 6.0 m/s to a final velocity of 70 m/s over 4 seconds.  What's the acceleration?

• 24 m/s²
• 18 m/s²
• 16 m/s²
• 16 m/s

The length of the sum vector can also be determined mathematically by the Pythagorean theorem,  a²+b²=c². 

The length of the hypotenuse would be the square root of (121 + 121) or 15.6 Km.

Multiple Choice

If vectors X and Y are added, then the resultant would be best represented by vector _____. 

• A
• B
• C
• D

Multiple Choice

The resulting force vector above was most likely made by an object that had which 2 forces acting on it at the same time?

• 10 N North &

  5 N East

• 5 N North &

  10 N East

• 5 N South &

  10 N West

• 5 N West &

  10 N South

Multiple Choice

The resulting force vector above was most likely made by an object that had which 2 forces acting on it at the same time?

• 10 N North &

  5 N East

• 5 N North &

  10 N East

• 5 N South &

  10 N West

• 5 N West &

  10 N South

Multiple Choice

Free fall is

• moving through the air under the influence of the force of gravity only.

• not paying for a fall.

• clothing sale with lots of orange & brown clothes.

• a feather dropped from an airplane.

Multiple Choice

A textbook is dropped from a second floor window and falls to the ground. What happens to the acceleration as the book falls to the ground

• the acceleration increases

• the acceleration decreases

• the acceleration remains constant

Multiple Choice

The state that exists when the only force acting on an object is gravity is called

• free fall

• inertia

• acceleration

• momentum

Multiple Choice

At what point is v_y= 0 m/s?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• None of these points

Multiple Choice

A package is dropped from an airplane, where will the package hit the ground?

• A

• B

• C

Multiple Choice

Do free falling objects move at constant velocity or do they accelerate?

• Falling objects accelerate at 9.8 m/s²

• Falling object move at constant velocity
• Falling objects accelerate at 100 m/s²
• It depends on the mass: heavy objects accelerate, light objects do not

Multiple Choice

Heavier objects free fall faster than lighter objects.(in the absence of the air resistance)

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which would hit the ground first if dropped from the same height in a vacuum(a Space with NO Air Resistance) —a feather or a metal screw?

• the feather
• the metal bolt
• They would hit the ground at the same time.
• They would be suspended in a vacuum.

Multiple Choice

At what angle should a ball be launched to ensure it travels as FAR as possible when it is fired at maximum power from a tennis ball launcher?

• 45

• 0

• 90

• 30

• 60

Multiple Choice

At what angle should a ball be launched to ensure it travels as HIGH as possible when it is fired at maximum power from a tennis ball launcher?

• 45

• 0

• 90

• 30

• 60