Operating Systems

Operating Systems

Multiple Choice

Which program brings all device resources together?

• Microsoft Office

• The operating system

• Internet Browser

• Binary

Multiple Select

The operating system is the program that lets you __________ with your computer. (choose two correct answers)

• Communicate

• Store

• Hide

• Interact

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of an operating system?

• Manage software on computer
• Manage hardware on computer
• Manage all hardware & software resources on a computer/electronic device

OS Functions

OS Management Functions

File Management - organizes files & folder
User Interface - allows user to interact with device
Memory management - allocates ram to apps
I/O Management - transfers data between components
Process Management - allocates CPU usage to each task

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of an operating system?

• Memory management

• Process management

• Network management

• Word processing

Multiple Choice

Function of system software is to serve as the _________ between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware

• interface
• program
• application
• server

Multiple Choice

Keeping track of the location of processes in memory and allocating space to new processes is known as...

• Memory Management
• Process Management
• Memory Scheduling
• Process Scheduling

Multiple Choice

Which of the following functions is generally not associated with the role of an operating system?

• Device management

• Network security

• Job scheduling

• Memory management

Multiple Choice

Which component of the operating system is responsible for managing the file system?

• Kernel

• Shell

• File Manager

• Device Driver

User Interfaces - Types

CLI - Command Line Interface

Identified by a black screen with text, where the user types commands directly.

GUI - Graphical User Interface

Identified by colorful icons, buttons, and visual elements that users can click on.

NUI - Natural User Interface

Recognized by hands-free interaction like voice commands, touch gestures, or body movements.

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of a user interface in an operating system?

• To provide security features for the system.

• To facilitate user interaction with the system.

• To manage hardware resources directly.

• To increase the speed of the operating system.

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a command-line interface and a graphical user interface?

• CLI is slower than GUI for all tasks.

• GUI requires coding skills, whereas CLI does not.

• CLI is only for advanced users, while GUI is for beginners.

• CLI uses text commands, while GUI uses graphical elements for interaction.

Multiple Choice

The purpose of the GUI is to

• hide the complexities of the machine from the user
• Guide the user
• to make the screen look nice

Multiple Choice

The ______________ tells you it’s ready to receive commands by displaying a specific set of characters called a(n) _____.

• command-line interface/prompt
• command prompt/code

Multiple Choice

What type of interface allows the user to interact with the computer system using issued commands?

• Menu driven interface

• Graphical User Interface

• Command line interface

• Touchscreen interface

Multiple Choice

Which type of interface is text-based and allows for precise and complex instructions to be executed in a fast and efficient way?

• Menu driven interface

• Command line interface

• Graphical User Interface

• Touchscreen interface

Multiple Choice

What type of interface offers a consistent user experience across different applications and operating systems?

• Touchscreen interface

• Menu driven interface

• Command line interface

• Graphical User Interface

Multiple Choice

Which type of interface can include multimedia elements such as images, videos, and animations to enhance the user experience?

• Command line interface

• Menu driven interface

• Graphical User Interface

• Touchscreen interface

Multiple Choice

What does WIMP stand for in the context of Graphical User Interfaces?

• Web, Information, Music, Photos

• Wireless, Internet, Multimedia, Printing

• Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointers

• Work, Innovation, Management, Productivity

Multiple Choice

The image shown is an example of which type of interface?

• GUI

• Command line

Multiple Choice

The image shown below is called a:________________

• GUI

• Command line

Multiple Choice

What does NUI stand for?

• Network User Interface

• National University of Ireland

• Natural User Interface

• New User Information

Multiple Choice

What kind of technology falls under Natural User Interface?

• Smartphone/Tablet

• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Desktop Computer

Multiple Select

What is the difference between NUI and GUI?

• GUI's are more intuitive and direct.

• NUI's are more indirect and responsive.

• GUI's are more indirect and responsive.

• NUI's are more intuitive and direct.

Filing Systems

A component found in the OS, used to allocate file resources through an organized system of folders and files.

Filing Systems

FAT32 (File Allocation Table): Simple structure, compatibility with various platforms, used in removable storage devices. Discuss its limitations, such as file size restrictions and lack of modern features.

NTFS (New Technology File System): Advanced security features, support for larger file sizes. Explore its use in Windows operating systems and advantages over FAT32.
APFS (Apple File System): Designed for Apple devices, supports encryption, optimized for flash storage. Highlight its integration with macOS and

iOS devices, and advantages
XT4 (Fourth Extended File System): Used in Linux systems, supports large file systems. Discuss its role in Linux environments and compatibility with modern storage technologies.

Multiple Choice

What is the file system format used for Windows Installer?

• FAT

• FAT32

• NTFS

• UFS

Virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a method that computers use to manage storage space to keep systems running quickly and efficiently. Using the technique, operating systems can transfer data between different types of storage, such as random access memory (RAM), also known as main memory, and hard drive or solid-state disk storage

Research Time...
About Virtual Memory

Multiple Choice

What happens when RAM is full?

• The computer crashes
• Virtual Memory is used
• An interrupt is raised
• The computer explodes

Multiple Choice

When the OS creates temporary RAM on the Hard Drive it is known as...

• Virtual Memory
• Cache
• Registering
• Defragmenting

Device Drivers

A device driver is a special program that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices like printers, keyboards, or graphics cards.

• Purpose: It acts as a translator between the OS and the device, ensuring the hardware functions correctly.

• Example: A printer driver translates the print command from the computer into instructions the printer understands.

Without device drivers, the OS wouldn’t know how to control or use hardware devices.

Research time...
Device Drivers...

Multiple Choice

What does the acronym 'USB' stand for in relation to device drivers?

• Universal Serial Bus

• User System Bus

• Ultra Speed Bus

• Universal Serial Band

Multiple Choice

These are small computer programs that allow operating systems to read pieces of hardware connected to your computer

• Device

• Driver

• Device Driver

• Hardware

Multiple Choice

The keyboard has already a built-in device driver thus there’s no need to install a driver.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

The graphics display card will function properly without installing device driver.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of device drivers?

• Device drivers are used to control software applications.

• Device drivers are responsible for managing network connections.

• Device drivers enable operating systems to communicate with hardware devices.

• Device drivers are used to enhance the performance of hardware devices.

Multiple Choice

What are some common issues that can occur with device drivers?

• Compatibility issues, outdated or incompatible drivers, driver conflicts, and driver corruption.

• Installation errors, system crashes, and performance degradation.

• Driver updates, driver incompatibility, and driver inaccessibility.

• Hardware issues, software issues, and network issues.

Buffering

What is a buffer?

A buffer is a temporary storage area used by the computer to hold data while it’s being transferred between two locations

 

What is buffering?

Buffering involves temporarily storing data in a buffer, allowing devices to operate at different speeds without causing data loss or disruptions.

 

Purpose of buffering:

It ensures that devices or processes with different speeds can work together smoothly

Multiple Choice

The process of continually refilling a buffer to transfer data between sender and receiver is known as

• spilling

• spooling

• batch processing

• buffer control

Multiple Choice

A buffer is particularly useful between the sender and the receiver when...

• there is a difference in price between the sender and receiver

• security needs to be enforced on the transmission

• there is a difference in operational speed of the sender and receiver

• different user interfaces need to be implemented

Multiple Choice

"Selecting ten files and dragging them all to a different folder" or "selecting ten files and choosing 'print all'" would both be good examples of

• batch processing

• multi-tasking

• memory management

• user account security

Each process is assigned a priority level.

The CPU executes the process with the highest priority first.
Once a process starts, it runs until completion without interruption.

Priority Based

Each process gets a fixed time slice (e.g., 10ms) to use the CPU.

After its time is up, the next process in the queue gets its turn.

If a process doesn’t finish in its time slice, it goes back to the end of the queue.

Round Robin

Process Scheduling

Multiple Choice

Which Scheduling algorithm allocates the

CPU first to the process that requests CPU first?

• First Come First serve scheduling

• shortest job scheduling

• priority scheduling

• none of the mentioned

Multiple Choice

In priority scheduling algorithm:

• CPU is allocated to the process with highest priority

• CPU is allocated to the process with lowest priority

• equal priority processes can not be scheduled

• none of the mentioned

Multiple Choice

Round robin scheduling falls under the category of ____________

• Non-preemptive scheduling

• Preemptive scheduling

• All of the mentioned

• None of the mentioned

Multiple Choice

What is Scheduling?

• allowing a job to use the processor

• making proper use of processor

• all of the mentioned

• none of the mentioned

System utilities are software tools that help maintain, manage, and optimize a computer's performance and functionality

System Utilities

Multiple Select

What happens during Defragmentation?

• Information is rearranged on a USB

• To make the retrieval of data quicker

• Information is rearranged on a Hard Drive

• To make the retrieval of data slower

Multiple Choice

_____________is a type of system software allows that allow a user to perform  maintenance-type tasks

• Operating system
• System Software
• Application software
• Utility program

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of Anti-Virus software?

• To keep the computer safe from malicious software

• To keep people safe from other people

• To keep the computer safe from defragmantation

• To keep data safe

Multiple Choice

Utility programs are usually…..?

• Part of the Operating System

• Brought on a disk from a store

• Only needed if you are connected to the Internet

• Very expensive to buy

Multiple Select

Defragmentation will aim to…..? (Select two)

• Make more space on the hard drive

• Move files further apart from each other

• Move files closer together

• Move free space closer together

Multiple Choice

A Defragmented hard drive will decrease the performance of the computer?

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Clears space on a hard drive by searching for files that can be safely deleted. 

• Defragmentation

• Disk Cleanup

• Format

• CHKDSK

Multiple Choice

It prepares a hard drive to store information.

• Defragmentation

• CHKDSK

• Format

• SFC

Multiple Choice

Software tools that help detect and correct disk errors, prepare a disk for data storage, and remove unwanted files.

• Disk Management tool
• Disk Cleanup

• System File Checker

• CHKDSK