Lesson Isreal Arab conflict

By: Valeria R and Oscar H

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Formation of the state of Isreal and Arab-Israeli Conflict

1945-1948: Creation of Israel

• Zionist Movement Gains Momentum: After the Holocaust, global support for a Jewish homeland increases.

• UN Partition Plan (1947): The United Nations proposes splitting Palestine into Jewish and Arab states. Accepted by Jews, rejected by Arabs.

• Israel’s Declaration of Independence (1948): Establishment of the State of Israel.

• 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Neighboring Arab states invade; Israel survives and expands territory. Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians become refugees.

1949-1967: Conflict and Expansion

• Armistice Lines (1949): Establishes Israel’s borders; tension remains high with neighboring Arab states.

• Suez Crisis (1956): Israel, Britain, and France attack Egypt after Egypt nationalizes the Suez Canal. The U.S. and USSR pressure them to withdraw.

• Six-Day War (1967): Israel launches a preemptive strike, seizing Gaza, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights.

1967-1979: Occupation and Diplomacy

• UN Resolution 242 (1967): Calls for Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and recognition of all states. Disputes over interpretation persist.

• Yom Kippur War (1973): Egypt and Syria launch a surprise attack. Israel repels the offensive but suffers heavy losses.

• Camp David Accords (1978-1979): Peace agreement between Egypt and Israel; Egypt recognizes Israel, and Israel returns Sinai.

1980-1989: Intifada and Regional Tensions

• Annexation Policies: Israel formally annexes East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, sparking international condemnation.

• First Intifada (1987-1993): Palestinian uprising in the West Bank and Gaza against Israeli occupation.

• Rise of the PLO: Palestinian Liberation Organization gains recognition as a representative of Palestinians, pushing for statehood.

Multiple Choice

What event accelerated global support for the creation of a Jewish state?

• Six-Day War

• The Holocaust

• Yom Kippur War

• Suez Crisis

Multiple Choice

What territories did Israel capture during the Six-Day War in 1967?

• Gaza, West Bank, East Jerusalem, Sinai, and Golan Heights

• Sinai Peninsula and Jordan

• East Jerusalem and Lebanon

• Gaza and Sinai only

Multiple Choice

What was the result of the Camp David Accords?

• Israel annexed East Jerusalem.

• The PLO was recognized as the Palestinian representative.

• Israel captured new territory.

• Egypt recognized Israel, and Israel returned Sinai.