Skeletal System Explained

Skeletal System Explained

By:Cecilia,Audrey,Kylie,Laine,Danna

The structure of bones & bone cells

Bones are rigid structures composed of a dense
outer layer of compact bone for strength,an
inner spongy bone with marrow form lightweight
support and blood cell production

Between the rings of matrix,the bone
cells(osteocytes) are located in spaces called
lacunae

Physiology of bones

The physiology of bones encompasses their role in providing structural support to
the body.This makes it easy for movement by serving as attachment points for
muscles, protecting vital organs, storing and releasing minerals such as calcium
and phosphorus, producing blood cells in the bone marrow (hematopoiesis), and
contributing to metabolic regulation through interactions with hormones like
parathyroid hormone and vitamin D.Bones get attached to bones by ligaments.

Multiple Choice

What structure attaches bone to bone?

• Ligaments

• Tendon

• Spongy Bone

Joints

Joints are structures where two or more bones meet,allowing for movement and
flexibility in the skeleton. The main function of joints is to facilitate the body
movements,provide support, stability,and connect bones while maintaining their
alignment.There is lots of joints but the one with the most range of motion is the
ball and socket joint.

Multiple Choice

What type of synovial joint has the greatest range of motion?

• Plane Joint

• Pivot Joint

• Ball and Socket Joint

Diseases of the Skeletal System

°Osteoporosis-reduced bone density,making bones fragile and prone to fractures

°Arthritis-inflammation of joints causing pain,stiffness and reduce mobility

°Osteomalacia-Softening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency

°Paget’s Disease-Abnormal bone remodeling leading to deform and weakened
bones

°Osteomyelitis-Bone infection caused by bacteria or fungi

Diseases of the Skeletal System PT.2

°Bone Cancer:Abnormal growth of cells in bone

°Scoliosis: Abnormal curvature of the spine

°Osteogenesis Imperfecta:Genetic disorder causing brittle bones

°Herniated Disc:A spinal condition where a disc between vertebrae bulges or
ruptures,causing pain

°Gout:Build-up of Uric acid crystals in joints,leading to inflammation and pain

Functions

°Support
°Protection
°Movement

°Mineral Storage

°Blood Cell Production

°Energy Storage

°Hormonal Regulation

The Skeletal System grows old as well as we
do,and the functions in our body deteriorate
.When we grow older our bones do not work
the same and our Articular Cartilage
deteriorates and makes grinding noises as
they move past each other.

Multiple Choice

As adults age, this covering on the ends of their bones deteriorates,causing bones to make grinding noises as they move past each other?

• Bone Resorption

• Articular Cartiolage

• Osteoporosis

Skeletal System Diagram

The skeletal system provides
structural support, protects vital
organs, and facilitates movement
in the body. Each end of a long
bone is called the epiphysis, which
is covered by articular cartilage to
aid in joint movement. The central
shaft of the long bone, known as
the diaphysis, connects the
epiphyses and contains the
medullary cavity for marrow
storage.

Multiple Choice

What is the name given to each end of a long bone?

• Diaphysis

• Epiphyses

• Condyle

Homeostasis

°Mineral Balance

°Blood Cell production

°Fat Storage

°Acid-Base Balance

°Repair and Remodeling
°Hormonal Interactions