4.2.2 Prefixes, "All Watched Over," Verb Moods

Prefixes, "All Watched Over..." Close Read, Verb Moods

Lesson 4.2.2

Word Work: Prefixes

Learners can:

• sort words based on prefixes 

• pronounce multisyllabic words correctly

Prefixes

​Prefix	​Definition
​dia-	​through, across, between
ex/e-​	out, from ​
​post-	​after
co-​	with, together​

Categorize

Options (16)

diagnosis

dialogue

dialysis

diameter

exit

elude

exhausted

emit

postgraduate

postnasal

postnatal

postpone

cooperate

coorelate

cohesive

coagulate

Sort the following words based on their use of the prefixes dia-, ex/e-, post-, and co-.

dia- (through, across, between)

ex/e- (out, from)

post- (after)

co- (with, together)

Reading: "All Watched Over..." Close Read

Learners can:

• recall the definition of irony

• use textual support when analyzing the irony and dichotomy in “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace”

• Irony is a literary device used to convey meaning that is the opposite of what is expected or the literal meaning.

• Sometimes irony occurs when a situation is different from what you expect, and sometimes it occurs because someone means the opposite of what they say or write.

• Irony can add interest, thematic meaning, humor and wit, and emotional impact.

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Irony

• ​A dichotomy is a technique that separates things into two different parts

• Dichotomy uses the differences to draw attention to something

• Examples:

  • dirty and clean

  • wet and dry

  • hot and cold

Dichotomy

Close Read

Close Read

​Title

This poem and its title can be interpreted in different ways. You can read it and assume that Brautigan is in earnest when he writes about machines of loving grace. He might really imagine a future in which helpful machines take care of everything.

On the other hand, you can read this poem and decide that Brautigan is being ironic. In that case, this title is ironic. The machines are watching not with loving grace but with a more ominous intent. The title creates foreshadowing and tension.

Close Read

​Repetition and Structure

There are three stanzas in the poem, and each begins with the phrase "I like to think," followed by an aside in parentheses. Then, the sentence continues by mentioning a part of nature that will have technology integrated into it. Each stanza is one complete sentence.

This repetition of a phrase and syntactic structure creates rhythm in the poem. It also emphasizes the speaker's voice. The meaning of the repeated phases is highly dependent upon whether you read the poem as a literal work that is optimistic about a technology-based future or as an ironic work that portrays a fear of technology taking over the world.

Close Read

Figurative Language

The first stanza ends with a simile that uses imagery to create the central dichotomy between nature and technology. It allows readers to picture the type of harmony that might exist between mammals and computers.

You can read this poem as a literal poem, in which case the imagery represents the balanced relationship between people and machines. Alternatively, you can also read this poem as an ironic commentary about the dangers of technology. The image of water touching the sky would highlight the false nature of humanity's relationship with technology in the poem.

Writing: Verb Moods

Learners can:

• identify verb moods  

• explain if a source is or is not reliable  

Verb moods might sound like you are going to learn about a set of emotional parts of speech! They are called verb moods because they express an attitude.

There are three main types of verb moods in the English language:

• indicative

• imperative

• subjunctive

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Grammar Time!

​Verb Moods	​Definition	​Examples
​Indicative	​verb used to express a statement or ask a question	It is sunny outside today.
​Imperative	​verbs used to issue commands and directions	​Please clean your room.
​Subjunctive	​verbs used to express wants, wishes, or doubts that are contrary to facts	​If I could eat cake for dinner, I would!

Match

Match the following

• Open your ELA Notebook and closely read Brautigan's poem.

• "All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace" is an interesting poem.

• If I could ask Brautigan a question, I would ask him about his thoughts on modern technologies such as AI and VR.

Imperative

Indicative

Subjunctive

• Imperative

• Indicative

• Subjunctive

• Reliable sources are sources that have quality information and are able to be trusted. Reliable sources are credible sources.  

• Reliable sources:

  • have a reputation for trustworthiness;

  • are experts or use information from experts in their field;

  • are timely and contain up-to-date information; and

  • are objective, presenting all sides of an issue fairly and factually.

Reliable Sources

In this lesson, you:

• sorted words based on the prefixes dia-, ex/e-, post-, and co-

• analyzed irony in “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace”

• identified verb moods

• explained why a source was or was not reliable

Many of the concepts related to this unit's inquiry question What is technology's future? do not have a clear-cut answer. You need to use your own critical thinking and judgment to determine what you think technology's future could look like. The works you read and discuss provide details and perspectives so that you can make an informed decision.

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Wrap Up

The rest of class is choice time. You can be working on: -iReady Reading Practice
-Silent Reading
-Get help from Mrs. Massack
-Overdue Edio Lessons

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Choice Time