Unit 2 Chapter 3

The Songhai Empire

• Understand the meaning of the following domain-specific vocabulary

​Today's Objectives

• Summarize the fall of the Mali Empire and the rise of the Songhai Empire

• Describe the social, political, and economic structure of the Songhai Empire

• Explain how Sunni Ali and Askia Mohammad came to power and their contributions to Songhai

• Describe the importance of trade to Songhai

• Understand the meaning of the following domain-specific vocabulary

​Objectives

How was the Songhai Empire similar to and different from previous West African empires?

​Framing Question

• Vocabulary List

• Vocabulary Flashcards

• Chromebook

• Vocabulary Worksheet

• Pencil

​Materials

To prevent something

https://youtu.be/hVHdyPDRsgs?feature=shared

Thwart

To move troops into position for a military action.

https://youtu.be/dsRvZ56SmkA?feature=shared

Deploy

Nearness in space.

https://youtu.be/dsRvZ56SmkA?feature=shared

Proximity

A king or queen who has the unchecked authority to do whatever they want without any restrictions.

Absolute Monarch

​Jackson wanted a piece of pie
So he asked the Queen and she replied.
No sir no way
So Jackson got no pie that day.

Related to an emperor, empress, or empire.

Imperial

• Understand the meaning of the following domain-specific vocabulary

​Today's Objectives

• Vocabulary List

• Vocabulary Flashcards

• Chromebook (Canva)

​Materials

Different colors can evoke different emotions in people: 

​Color Theory

• Bright, warm colors: Can stimulate energy and happiness: 

  • Red: Can be associated with love, passion, anger, strength, and danger 

  • Orange: Can be associated with excitement, pleasure, abundance, optimism, friendliness, and warmth 

  • Yellow: Can be associated with joy, happiness, communication, positivity, enthusiasm, and danger 

​Color Theory

• Cool, subdued colors: Can be soothing and calming: 

  • Blue: Can be associated with calmness, serenity, peace, loyalty, professionalism, trust, and sadness 

  • Purple: Can be associated with relaxation, imagination, calmness, dignity, sadness, mystery, nobility, and glamour 

​Color Theory

• Green: Can be associated with nature, growth, harmony, freshness, and security 

• Pink: Can be associated with freshness, femininity, playfulness, youth, soft, reserved, and earthy 

• White: Can be associated with truth and indifference 

• Black: Can be associated with nobility, mystery, and cold 

​Color Theory

• Colors can also influence our taste. For example, orange is often used for food packages and in fast-food restaurants because it can increase appetite. Blue can trigger disgust and loss of appetite because there are no natural foods in (bright) blue.

​Color Theory

​Color Theory

Section One

A New Empire Takes Hold

• Summarize the fall of the Mali Empire and the rise of the Songhai Empire

Objectives

• Student Reader

• Guided Notes

• Pencil

• Chromebook

Materials

First the empire rises then it is conquered during the fall.

​Remember!

Open Ended

Ghana was conquered by?

Open Ended

Mali was conquered by?

• Blue

  • Pg 22

• Red

  • Pg 24

Reading

• Ali Kolon and Sulayman Nar were captured by the Mali Empire

  • They princes of Songhai

  • They were brothers

• Ali Kolon thought of an escape plan

• Gao became rich because it was on a key stretch of the Niger River

• Mali and Songhai both empire tried overtake each other

• Mansa Maghan became the Mansa after Musa died

  • His son

• Ali Kolon became the chief of Gao

Key Points 1st Block

• The city of Gao became the capital of Songhai

• Ali Kolon used military expeditions to escape

  • He was imprisoned in the Mali Empire

  • He was captured with Sulayman Nar, who was his brother

• Mansa Maghan was Mansa Musa's son

Key Points 2nd Block

Open Ended

What did Mansa Musa ask Ali Kolon to do?

Open Ended

Why was Mansa Musa's request to Ali Kolon unusual?

Open Ended

How did Ali Kolon manage to escape?

Section Two

Strong Leaders and Trade in the Songhai Empire

• Describe the social, political, and economic structure of the Songhai Empire

• Describe the importance of trade to Songhai

• Explain how Sunni Ali and Askia Mohammad came to power and their contributions to Songhai

Objectives

• Student Reader

• Guided Notes

• Pencil

• Chromebook

Materials

• Yellow

  • Pg 24

• Green

  • Pg 26

Reading

• Sunni Ali conquered most of the territory held by the Mali Empire

• Askia Muhammad took children prisoners and made them his army

• The Songhai Empire controlled trade routes in Timbuktu and Djenne

• Askia Muhammad went on a pilgrimage to Mecca

  • He increased the influence of Islam

• Askia Muhammad invaded the land Hausa people

• Askia Muhammad developed a system of currency that helped trade

• Songhai took over Mali

  • Askia Muhammad increased the size of the empire

• Askia supported the building of mosques and brought many Arab scholars

  • He brought a golden age of learning in religion

Key Points 1st Block

• Askia Muhammad was the first Songhai emperor

• Askia replaced Songhai officials with Arab Muslims to spread islam

• Sunni Ali conquered most of the territory once held by the Mali Empire

• Sunni Ali used his army to control travel on the Niger River

• Askia introduced weights and measures for regulating trade and currency

• Askia finished the work of Mansa Musa

• Askia went on a pilgrimage to Mecca

• Songhai took control of trade in Timbuktu and Djenne

• Askia caught to increase the influence of Islam

• Askia appointed Muslim judges in every district

• In 1464 Sunni came to the throne

Key Points 2nd Block

Open Ended

Deploy means to?

Open Ended

Who once held the territory that Sunni Ali conquered?

Open Ended

Why was Timbuktu such a prize for the Songhai Empire?

Open Ended

How did Askia Muhammad spread Islam in his empire?

Section Three

The Portuguese in West Africa

• Describe the social, political, and economic structure of the Songhai Empire

• Describe the importance of trade to Songhai

Objectives

• Student Reader

• Guided Notes

• Pencil

• Chromebook

Materials

• Blue

  • Pg 26/28

• Red

  • Pg 27

Reading

• Timbuktu remained an important trade center

• The Songhai Empire expansion was thwarted by a Portuguese fleet

• The portuguese established a presence near west African gold mines

• Songhai did not gain access to the gold fields in southern Africa

• Many mosques and schools were built in Timbuktu

• Songhai controlled the trade of salts and luxury items

• Sea routes were quicker than crossing the dessert

• Muslim traders in towns along the route traded salt and luxury items

• The gold fields made Songhai wealthy like Mali and Ghana

Key Points 1st Block

• The portuguese were competition for the trans saharan caravans

• TTT

Key Points 2nd Block

Open Ended

Which challenge faced by the Songhai Empire made it more difficult to build wealth than the Ghana and Mali Empires?

Open Ended

What does Thwart mean?

Open Ended

Why did new routes across the Mediterranean pose a threat to trans-Saharan trade?

Section Four

The Political Structure of the Songhai Empire

• Describe the social, political, and economic structure of the Songhai Empire

Objectives

• Student Reader

• Guided Notes

• Pencil

• Chromebook

Materials

• Yellow

  • Pg 28

• Green

  • Pg 29

Reading

Key Points 1st Block

Key Points 2nd Block

Open Ended

What is an Absolute Monarch?

Open Ended

How did Askia Muhammad help the Songhai Empire run efficiently?

Open Ended

What does imperial mean?

Open Ended

Why was Askia Muhammad"s imperial council of senior officials significant?

Open Ended

Why do you think Askia Muhammad filled many local positions with his relatives?

Section Five

The Social Structure of the Songhai Empire

• Describe the social, political, and economic structure of the Songhai Empire

Objectives

• Student Reader

• Guided Notes

• Pencil

• Chromebook

Materials

• Yellow

  • Pg 28

• Green

  • Pg 29

Reading

Key Points 1st Block

Key Points 2nd Block

Open Ended

What was the social system of the Songhai Empire like?

Open Ended

What factors led to the downfall of the Songhai Empire?