Unit 002- pre 1919 buildings

Multiple Choice

What was a major challenge in transportation before 1919?

• Lack of vehicles

• Moving heavy construction materials over long distances

• Poor road conditions

• High transportation costs

Multiple Choice

Which local resources were predominantly used due to transportation limitations before 1919?

• Steel and iron

• Stone, slate, bricks, and timber

• Plastic and glass

• Copper and aluminum

Multiple Choice

How were larger materials delivered in quantities before 1919?

• By train

• By airplane

• By horse & cart and canal

• By truck

Multiple Choice

What type of climate does Wales experience?

• Tropical

• Maritime

• Desert

• Continental

Multiple Choice

What are the characteristics of winters in Wales?

• Hot and dry

• Mild and damp

• Cold and snowy

• Warm and humid

Multiple Choice

What feature is often incorporated in buildings in Wales to handle rainwater?

• Flat roofs

• Pitched roofs

• Domed roofs

• Thatched roofs

Multiple Choice

What construction method was traditionally used for buildings constructed before 1919?

• Prefabricated panels

• Solid wall construction methods

• Steel frame construction

• Modular construction

Multiple Choice

What material was extensively used in building structures before 1919?

• Concrete

• Locally sourced stone

• Glass

• Plastic

Multiple Choice

Up to what depth were single skin walls installed in buildings constructed before 1919?

• 0.5 meters

• 1 meter

• 2 meters

• 1.5 meters

Multiple Choice

What is a natural building material that varies widely in use and appearance from area to area?

• Stone

• Wood

• Brick

• Concrete

Multiple Choice

What can stone be used for in construction?

• External walls, internal load-bearing walls, and roofing

• Flooring, painting, and insulation

• Plumbing, wiring, and ventilation

• Windows, doors, and lighting

Multiple Choice

What characteristic of stone can give a region its distinctive look?

• Color and structure

• Weight and density

• Age and origin

• Size and shape

Multiple Choice

Where are traditional timber framed houses most common?

• East of Wales

• West of England

• North of Scotland

• South of Ireland

Multiple Choice

What materials were traditionally used in the construction of stud wall partitions?

• Locally sourced timber and lime-based plaster with horsehair

• Concrete and steel

• Plastic and fiberglass

• Brick and mortar

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of using air bricks in suspended timber floors?

• To support the timber joists

• To create airflow and reduce the risk of rot

• To increase the load-bearing capacity

• To enhance the aesthetic appearance

Multiple Choice

What type of wood is commonly used in traditional timber framed houses in the east of Wales?

• Pine

• Oak

• Maple

• Cedar

Multiple Choice

What is one use of timber in construction according to the text?

• Load bearing walls

• Non load bearing walls

• Foundation

• Plumbing

Multiple Choice

What was the purpose of the gap between the timber laths in stud wall partitions?

• To allow air circulation

• To allow lime-based plaster to adhere

• To reduce noise

• To provide insulation

Multiple Choice

What is a common issue found with suspended timber floors?

• Excessive noise

• Rot and decay due to moisture

• Lack of structural support

• High maintenance cost

Multiple Choice

Where can wooden lintels typically be found?

• Above doorways, openings, or windows

• Underneath floors

• Inside walls

• On rooftops

Multiple Choice

How were solid timber floor boards traditionally fixed in position?

• With glue

• With nails

• With screws

• With clamps

Multiple Choice

What is one environmental disadvantage of using solid lumber joists?

• They are fire-resistant.

• They require cutting many trees.

• They are inexpensive.

• They have a long span distance.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a natural defect sometimes found in solid lumber beams?

• Fire resistance

• Inexpensiveness

• Twisting

• Long span distance

Multiple Choice

What is one advantage of solid lumber joists?

• They are not fire-resistant.

• They are expensive.

• They are inexpensive.

• They have a limited span distance.

Multiple Choice

What is a common issue associated with wooden lintels?

• Rot and decay of the timber

• Excessive weight

• High cost

• Difficult installation

Multiple Choice

What is a common issue with wooden windows and doors with single glazing?

• They are energy efficient.

• They require constant maintenance.

• They are resistant to water ingress.

• They are soundproof.

Multiple Choice

What problem can arise from poorly maintained wooden window and door accessories?

• Increased energy efficiency.

• Ingress of water and cold air.

• Improved sound insulation.

• Enhanced durability.

Multiple Choice

What is the main benefit of using lime-based mortar over gypsum or cement-based mortar?

• It is cheaper

• It is more durable

• It is breathable

• It is easier to apply

Multiple Choice

What does 'vapour permeable' mean in the context of lime-based mortar?

• It allows air to circulate

• It allows water to enter and exit easily

• It prevents heat loss

• It strengthens the wall

Multiple Choice

What is one of the benefits of using lime-based mortar over cement-based mortar?

• It is completely waterproof.

• It attracts water, drawing it out of stone and timbers.

• It is more expensive than cement.

• It requires higher temperatures to cure.

Multiple Choice

Why is lime considered more environmentally friendly than cement?

• It is produced using more energy.

• It has a higher carbon footprint.

• It is burnt at a lower temperature and re-absorbs CO₂ as it cures.

• It is less durable than cement.

Multiple Choice

How does lime-based mortar help in preventing cracks?

• It is completely rigid.

• It is relatively flexible and self-healing.

• It hardens faster than cement.

• It does not absorb water.

Multiple Choice

What were the main materials used for roof covers according to the local resources available?

• Stone tiles, slate, thatch, and corrugated iron

• Wood, plastic, glass, and aluminum

• Concrete, steel, rubber, and copper

• Bamboo, straw, clay, and fiberglass

Multiple Choice

What is loose fill asbestos commonly used for?

• Insulating attics

• Building walls

• Flooring

• Roofing

Multiple Choice

Where else can loose fill asbestos be found besides attics?

• Within Artex

• In plumbing

• In electrical wiring

• In furniture

Multiple Choice

Where are electricians likely to encounter asbestos flash guards?

• Within rewired light fixtures

• Inside distribution boards

• In electrical outlets

• Behind circuit breakers

Multiple Choice

What is a characteristic of asbestos flash guards mentioned in the text?

• They are tightly bound

• They are extremely friable

• They are waterproof

• They are non-conductive

Multiple Choice

What maintenance activity could expose asbestos flash guards?

• Painting the distribution board

• Replacing a fuse

• Installing a new circuit

• Cleaning the electrical panel

Multiple Choice

Why is Asbestos Insulating Board (AIB) considered dangerous when disturbed?

• It releases thousands of fibers into the air.

• It causes electrical malfunctions.

• It emits toxic gases.

• It attracts pests.

Multiple Choice

Where is Asbestos Insulating Board (AIB) commonly used?

• In the vicinity of electricity and gas meters.

• In kitchen countertops.

• In roofing materials.

• In car interiors.

Multiple Choice

What potential hazard do storage heaters pose?

• They may contain asbestos and release fibers when disturbed.

• They can overheat and cause fires.

• They emit carbon monoxide.

• They consume excessive electricity.

Multiple Choice

What material was traditionally used to supply water to domestic dwellings?

• Copper

• Lead

• Plastic

• Iron

Multiple Choice

What is the common name for older textured coatings that pose a risk of asbestos exposure?

• Artex

• Plaster

• Stucco

• Drywall

Multiple Choice

In what year was asbestos in Artex banned?

• 1985

• 1990

• 1992

• 1995

Multiple Choice

What precaution should be taken if drilling is required in textured coatings?

• No precautions are needed

• Use a regular drill

• Take safety precautions

• Use a hammer instead