Simple Probability Background Information

Simple probability

Background knowledge

PRIME Numbers

Numbers with only two factors, 1 and themselves.

They can't be divided by anything else
The first prime number is 2, and it is the only even prime number.
The first 10 prime numbers are:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29

1 is NOT a Prime number

Multiple Select

Which of these numbers are prime numbers?

• 1

• 2

• 7

• 8

• 9

One is called a DIE.
Two or more of them are called DICE.

There are SIX numbers.
3 ODD numbers (1, 3, 5)
3 EVEN numbers (2, 4, 6)
3 PRIME numbers (2, 3, 5)

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6 sided die

All coins have 2 sides.

There are only 2 outcomes, heads or tails. We usually write them as H or T.

If you flip two coins at the same time, you have 4 options: HH, HT, TH, TT

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Coins

A standard deck of cards has 52 cards. 26 are red, 26 are black.

There are 13 cards in each SUIT. 13 hearts, 13 diamonds, 13 clubs, 13 spades

In each suit there is an ACE (1), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, and King)

Cards

Multiple Choice

How many cards are in a standard deck of cards?

• 4

• 13

• 26

• 52

Multiple Choice

How many HEARTS are in a standard deck of cards?

• 4

• 13

• 26

• 52

Multiple Choice

How many QUEENS are in a standard deck of cards?

• 4

• 13

• 26

• 52

Multiple Choice

How many cards in a standard deck of cards are NOT red?

• 4

• 13

• 26

• 52

ALPHABET

There are 26 letters in the alphabet

Vowels
The vowels are A, E, I, O, U

There are 5 vowels.

Consonants
The consonants are

B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

There are 21 consonants.

Multiple Select

Which of these are VOWELS?

• A

• B

• C

• D

• E