Thermal Energy Review

Multiple Choice

All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What is the thermal energy of a system?

• the total kinetic energy of moving particle

• the average kinetic energy of moving particles

• the amount of heat in a substance

Multiple Select

Which of the following will increase the thermal energy of an object. (May be more than one answer)

• increasing the temperature

• increasing the mass

• reducing the mass

• reducing the temperature

Match

Match the following

• Specific Heat Capacity

• Temperature

• Thermal Energy

• Convection

• Conduction

the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance

the average amount of kinetic energy in particles

the total amount of kinetic energy in particles

the movement of fluids (gases and liquids) due to temperature differences

the transfer of thermal energy through collisions of particles when objects touch

• the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance

• the average amount of kinetic energy in particles

• the total amount of kinetic energy in particles

• the movement of fluids (gases and liquids) due to temperature differences

• the transfer of thermal energy through collisions of particles when objects touch

Fill in the Blank

A substance with a high specific heat requires (more/less) energy to raise the temperature.

Fill in the Blank

If you want the temperature to go up quickly, you should choose a substance with a (high/low) specific heat.

Multiple Choice

There are four cups of hot cocoa. The cup sizes are shown. The temperature of the cocoa in each cup is 25 degrees celsius. Which cup has the MOST thermal energy?

• Large cup (Trenta)
• Small cup (Tall)
• Medium cup (Venti)
• All three are the same temperature so they have the same thermal energy

Multiple Choice

There are 2 pans of water, one has 100 mL in it and one has 1000mL. You add 4000 joules of energy,  which one has the bigger change in temperature?

• 100 mL
• 1000 mL
• They the same material so they both heat to the same temperature
• They both will cool down.

The Crust is the Outermost layer, and there are two types: Oceanic and Continental.

Oceanic crust is denser than continental crust, and has twice as much iron, calcium, and magnesium.

The crust is one of two parts of the Lithosphere of the Earth. The other part of the Lithosphere is the outermost layer of the Mantle.

Notes: What are the Layers of the Earth?

The Mantle is between the Core and the Crust. The Mantle is made of hot, slow-flowing, rock (magma). Convection occurs in this layer (hot magma goes up, "cool" magma goes down)

.

The Mantle is denser than the crust (allowing the crust to "float" on it), and geologists believe that the main factor for the motion of plate tectonics is convection currents that occurs in the mantle.

Notes: What are the Layers of the Earth?

The Lithosphere is made up of tectonic plates that move in different directions and speeds.

As mentioned previously, scientists believe that convection currents in the Earth's Mantle cause the plates to move.

Plate tectonics give us mountains, mid-ocean ridges, seafloor spread, and earthquakes.

Notes: How does the Earth Move?

Energy
Stores
Table

A N E X A M P L E O F

A T H E R M A L

E N E R G Y

T R A N S F E R B Y
H E A T I N G , I S A

H O T C O F F E E
H E A T I N G U P
C O L D H A N D S

Thermal energy is

transferred by heating from

the hot coffee to the mug

and to the cold hands

Sankey diagram is a way
of using picture to show
how energy is going in to
a system, how much useful
energy is coming out, and
how much energy is lost
by system.

SANKEY
DIAGRAM

Sankey
Diagram

for

Electrical

Bulb

Heat (q)

• energy that flows from a system to its surrounding

• measured in J

• q = positive = heat released from system into surroundings = exothermic

• q = negative = heat absorbed into system from surroundings = endothermic

• sig figs become very important here (as we often only have 2, due to temp - don't round early!)

Multiple Choice

The air in a living room has a mass of 60 kg and a specific heat of 1,020 J/kg*C. What is the change in thermal energy of the air when it warms from 20C to 25C?

• 306,000 J

• 0.15 kg

• 1,020 J

• 5 C

Multiple Choice

The thermal energy of water in a mug increases by 12,552 J when the water is heated from 20C to 40C. If the specific heat of eater is 4,184 J/kg*C. What is the mass of the water?

• 306,000 J

• 0.15 kg

• 1,020 J

• 5 C