Grammar ESL

ESL Checkpoint: Unit 1-3 Grammar review

By Alice Sawyer

The present perfect is formed from the present tense of the verb have and the past participle of a verb.

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Present prefect

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A quick way to remember:

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she/he/it + has​ + verb-ed

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He has studied for his test.​

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has or have?​

Multiple Choice

Present perfect tense: has or have?

I _____ never been to Japan.

• has

• have

Multiple Choice

Present perfect tense in the negative form: hasn't or haven't

She _____ tried Italian food before.

• hasn't

• haven't

Multiple Choice

What is the most spectacular place you _____ ever ____ ? (see)

• have/ see

• has/ seen

• have/ seen

• haven't/ saw

Multiple Choice

He _____ never ____ to Switzerland. (go)

• have/ go

• has / been

• has/ gone

• haven't/ been

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​The past continuous is made from the past tense of the verb be and the –ing form of a verb.

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The past continuous

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​I, she, he it: use was + verb+ing

He was playing Roblox.

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you, we, they: use were + verb+ing

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They were eating pizza.​

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The past continuous

Multiple Choice

While Quang ____ _____ (study) his mom brought him

• were studying

• was studying

Multiple Choice

They ____ _____ (celebrate) their teams win when after they heard about it on the news.

• were celebrating

• was celebrating

Multiple Choice

You ___ _____ (get) ahead in your revision until you stopped to play Minecraft!

• were getting

• was getting

Multiple Choice

I ____ ____ to tell you the answer but then I thought you should figure it out on your own.

• was going

• were going

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Linking phrases

Multiple Choice

At Vinschool we study English _____ Vietnamese.

• as well as

• instead of

Multiple Choice

I like taking photos. I wish I studied photography _____ drawing at school.

• as well as

• instead of

Multiple Choice

I often dream about going on a trip. I would rather travel ____ having to stay at home all day.

• as well as

• instead of

Multiple Choice

I really like food. I could eat fried chicken ____ an entire pizza.

• as well as

• instead of

Multiple Choice

I wish we could wear our own clothes to school ____ a uniform.

• as well as

• instead of

If + present simple +will (positive)

If + present simple +won't (negative)

Unless + present simple +won't​ (negative)

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Remember: will is sometimes shortened

you will = you'll​

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The 1st conditional

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Multiple Select

The 1st conditional:

If you do your chores, ____ make your parents happy.

• unless

• you'll

• you will

• would

Multiple Select

The 1st conditional:

Unless you find find a quiet place to study, you ____ remember the information.

• if

• will

• won't

• shouldn't

Multiple Select

The 1st conditional:

If you are worried about something, you _____ feel confident.

• if

• will

• won't

• shouldn't

Multiple Select

The 1st conditional:

_____ you eat a balanced diet, you won't be healthy.

• Unless

• Will

• Won't

• If

Could: is used to make questions, ask for something or make a suggestion or offer, but in a more polite way.

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Would: is used to ​make plans, to state preferences and to make invitations.

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Should: is used to give advice, to express what’s right, and to recommend an action. ​

Modal verbs: would, could, and should

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Multiple Choice

Modal verbs:

I _____ like to ask your permissions to organise a fund-rasier event at school.

• would

• should

• could

• shouldn't

Multiple Choice

Modal verbs:

If you agree, _____ we have the main event at school, in your classroom?

• would

• should

• could

• shouldn't

Multiple Choice

Modal verbs:

What _____ we do to raise the money?

• would

• should

• could

• shouldn't

Multiple Choice

Modal verbs:

We ___ like it the whole school got involved!

• would

• should

• could

• shouldn't

In the reported "Wh-" questions (who, what, where, why, when) with is and are, the verb moves to the end of the sentence. It comes after the subject.

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"What are your favourite sports?"

She wants to know what his favourite sports are.​

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​Reported speech in the present

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Multiple Choice

Convert the direct speech to reported speech in the present tense:

Interviewer: " What is your top racing tip?"

• They want to know what the athletes top tip is.

• They wanted to know what the athletes top tip was.

• They wanted to know what is the athletes top tip.

Multiple Choice

Convert the direct speech to reported speech in the present tense:

Athlete: "I think the best tip I can give is to maintain a positive attitude"

• The athlete said to maintain a positive attitude.

• The athlete says to maintain a positive attitude.

• .

Multiple Choice

Convert the direct speech to reported speech in the present tense:

Interviewer: " Who are your biggest supporters?"

• The interviewer wants to know who the athletes biggest supporters are.

• The interviewer wanted to know who are the athletes biggest supporters.

• .

Multiple Choice

Convert the direct speech to reported speech in the present tense:

Athlete: " I think it has got to be my little brother."

• The athlete said that it was his little brother.

• The athlete says that it is his little brother.

• .

After should and mustn't follows the verb:

You should stretch correctly.

You mustn't eat before exercising.​

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​After need we use to + verb

We need to drink plenty of water when we are exercising.​

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​Advice and instructions

Multiple Choice

need/should/mustn't for advice:

You _____ get a good nights rest.

• need

• should

• mustn't

Multiple Choice

need/should/mustn't for advice:

You _____ to go to bed before 9pm on a school night.

• need

• should

• mustn't

Multiple Choice

need/should/mustn't for advice:

Everyone ____ try to do exercise each day.

• need

• should

• mustn't

Multiple Choice

need/should/mustn't for advice:

To begin, you ____ to warm up or you will get a cramp.

• need

• should

• mustn't

Multiple Choice

need/should/mustn't for advice:

You _____ force your muscles when touching your toes. You should hurt yourself!

• need

• should

• mustn't