Acceleration Motion Forces

Force, Motion, Energy

Outcomes:
Calculate the acceleration of an object,
Create free-body diagrams in order to interpret the forces acting on an object as it relates to motion
Utilize the law of conservation of energy to explain all forms of energy transfer within a system

Poll

What do you know about Newton's Three Laws of Motion?

• I know a lot

• I know a little bit

• What is Newton?

An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.

Newton's 1st Law of Motion

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. This is represented by the equation F = ma, where F is the force applied, m is the mass of the object and a is the acceleration

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Newton's 3rd Law of Motion

Newton's 2nd Law of Motion

An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force.

1st Law of Motion

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass.

2nd Law of Motion

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

3rd Law of Motion

Multiple Choice

Which of Newton's laws states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving with a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force?

• Newton's First Law

• Newton's Second Law

• Newton's Third Law

• Newton's Law of Conservation of Momentum

Multiple Choice

According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, which of the following equations represents the relationship between force (F), mass (m), and acceleration (a)?

• F = m/a

• F = ma

• a = F/m

• m = F/a

Multiple Choice

Newton's Third Law of Motion states that:

• Objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by a force.

• Force equals mass times acceleration.

• Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

• An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the net force applied.

Multiple Choice

A car with a mass of 1200 kg accelerates at 2 m/s². How much force is required to produce this acceleration?

Remember $$F\ =\ ma$$

• 2400 N

• 600 N

• 240 N

• 60 N

Multiple Choice

If you push a wall with a force of 200 N, according to Newton's Third Law, the wall will:

• Not react at all since it's stationary.

• Move away from you.

• Exert a force of 200 N on you in the opposite direction.

• Absorb the force and disappear.

Law of Conservation of Energy

In other words, the total amount of energy within a closed system remains constant over time; it can only change from one form to another.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.

Potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or condition. It is the energy that is "stored" within an object, and it has the potential to do work when that object's position or condition changes.

Potential Energy

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. When an object is in motion, it has the ability to do work by virtue of its speed or velocity.

Kinetic Energy

Open Ended

What would have happened if the professor had PUSHED the ball?

Multiple Choice

According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, what happens to the total amount of energy in an isolated system?

• It increases over time.

• It decreases over time.

• It remains constant over time.

• It fluctuates randomly.

Multiple Choice

Which form of energy is associated with an object's position or condition?

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Electrical energy

• Potential energy

Multiple Choice

A ball is dropped from a certain height. As it falls, its potential energy __________ and its kinetic energy __________.

• decreases, increases

• increases, decreases

• remains constant, remains constant

• increases, remains constant

Multiple Choice

A roller coaster reaches the top of a hill, coming to a momentary stop before descending. At the top of the hill, its energy is primarily in the form of:

• kinetic energy

• potential energy

• mechanical energy

• thermal energy

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Third Law

An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue moving at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.

First Law

Review: Newton's Laws of Motion

Second Law

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass.
F = ma

Energy cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system.

Review: Law of Conservation of Energy