Ancient Greek Polis

Greece Conclusion Condensed

By dustin dyates

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​Persia invaded Greek lands about 499 B.C.E.

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​• Short story--- Greek polis came together to fight of the Persians. It was not an easy victory! • After the Persian War, the most important general in Athenian government was Pericles. His wise rule governed Athens for more than 30 years. • He made Athens a more democratic city-state by appointing people to positions based on their abilities, instead of their social status. • Under Pericles, Athens became a center of learning and the arts. Pericles called the city of Athens THE SCHOOL OF GREECE.

Multiple Choice

After the Persian War, the most important general in Athenian government was _________.

• Plato

• Aristotle

• Pericles

• Alexander

​ The Persian Wars proved to the Greeks that the key to their survival was to work together.

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• 478BCE- Athens joins with other polis to form the defensive organization known as the DELIAN LEAGUE.

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• Over the next few decades, the Delian League drove the Persians from polis they still occupied in Anatolia (Turkey coastal areas)

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• Athens provided most of the troops and naval vessels, while the other members of the Delian League provided the funds to operate via taxes.

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• Free from Persian dominance, Greece grew richer through increased overseas trade.

Multiple Choice

In 478 B.C.E, Athens joined other Greek polis in a defensive organization called ________________________.

• N.A.T.O.

• The Delian League

• The Axis Powers

• Justice League

​• Over time, Athens began to treat other polis more like subjects of Athens than equal members of the league.

• Athens moved the DL treasury from the island of Dalos to Athens.

• Athens provided the majority of the military in the DL.

• Athens began to send soldiers to other polis to encourage the common people to revolt against the wealthier citizens.

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• Pericles even began to insist that other polis use Athenian currency in their polis.

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• THE DL became a group of city-states controlled by Athens

Multiple Choice

Which polis provided the majority of military for the Delian League?

• Athens

• Delos

• Sparta

• Rome

​• As the economic and political power of Athens grew, other city-states, especially Sparta, became alarmed.

• Neither Athens nor Sparta trusted one another, and each wanted to be the primary power in the Greek world.

• Sparta became the leader of an alliance opposed to Athens.

• 433BCE Athens began to interfere with some of Sparta’s allies. The allies pressured Sparta to attack Athens.

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• Peloponnesian War- 431-404BCE- War broke out and ended all future cooperation between the city-states

​Peloponnesian War • Soon after the war began, Sparta and its allies surrounded Athens. Sparta had the advantage in open fields, so the people of Athens stayed within the city walls. The strong Athenian navy was counted on to continue delivering the goods and supplies needed by the Athenian citizens. Sparta had no navy.

• For almost 2 years, the Athenian forces held of those of Sparta. Then a disease broke out in Athens which killed a third of the people (including Pericles).

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Over the next 25 years each side won some victories but was unable to defeat their opponents.

Multiple Choice

True or False: Sparta had a strong navy

• TRUE

• FALSE

​Sparta makes a deal with Persia

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• Sparta promised Persia some land in Anatolia if they would provide Sparta with enough gold to build a navy.

• 405BCE Sparta’s newly formed navy destroyed the Athenian fleet, then placed a blockade around Athens. This prevented food and other supplies from reaching Athens.

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• Starving, Athens surrendered about a year later. Athens walls were demolished. The Athenian Empire collapsed.

​• Sparta won, but overall the governments of Greek polis were left divided and weak.

• Many Greeks had died from fighting or disease.

• Many farms were destroyed.

• Thousands of Greeks left to join the Persian Army.

• Sparta took over control of the Greek city-states, but tended to rule even more harshly than Athens. This angered their old allies.

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• Over the next thirty years, Sparta had to put down numerous revolts and had to fight Persia AGAIN!

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE: Sparta won the war and became friendly allies with the Persians.

• TRUE

• FALSE

​371 BCE • Thebes conquered Sparta, which ended the Sparta empire. About 10 years later, Thebes also collapsed.

• The greatly weakened Greek city-states were left vulnerable to a growing threat from the northern kingdom of Macedonia.

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• Macedonia’s strength and desire for expansion would eventually cost the Greek polis their independence.

Multiple Choice

The greatly weakened Greek city-states were left vulnerable to a growing threat from _________.

• China

• Russia

• Egypt

• The Northern Kingdom of Macedonia