Climate Regions of the Indian Subcontinent

South Asia - Climate and Vegetation

By Mr. Carrizales

​A Human Perspective

Every April and May, much of South Asia bakes in the heat. People endure temperatures that regularly top 100°F. Dust fills the air, and streams dry up. People walk for miles looking for water. Then—when it seems that no one can survive another day—the clouds roll in. The skies open up, and the rains come. People celebrate when the land turns green.

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Climate Zones

The highland zone has the coldest climate. This is the area of the Himalayas and other northern mountains, where snow exists year-round. The lower elevations, which include the lush foothills and valleys of Nepal, Bhutan, and northern India, are much warmer. They are in the humid subtropical zone that stretches across South Asia. The Indo-Gangetic Plain also occupies much of this region.

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Multiple Choice

What is the Coldest Region of South Asia

• The Highlands

• The Deccan Plateau

• Texas

• South Africa

South Asia has six main climate zones

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Draw

Color the Tropical Wet area

Multiple Choice

Choose 2 Climate Zones of South Asia

• Tropical Wet, Desert

• Tropical Humid

• Mediterranean, Marine West Coast

Vegetation

Plant life in South Asia varies according to climate and altitude. Vegetation ranges from desert shrub and temperate grasslands to dense forests in the wettest areas.

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Vegetation

The most forested parts of South Asia lie within the tropical wet zone, particularly the western coast of India and southern Bangladesh. Lush rain forests of teak, ebony, and bamboo are found there, along with mangroves in the delta areas.

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​Vegetation

In the highland zone, which includes northern India, Nepal, and Bhutan, there are forests of pine, fir, and other evergreens. The river valleys and foothills of the humid subtropical zone have forests of sal, oak, chestnut, and various palms. But deforestation is a problem everywhere.

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Draw

Draw the Tropical Rain Forest

Multiple Choice

Where is Deforestation is a problem?

• Sri Lanka

• India

• Mt. Everest

• Everywhere

​Vegetation

In the semiarid areas of South Asia, such as the Deccan Plateau and the Pakistan-India border, there is less vegetation. The main plant life is desert shrubs and grasses. The driest areas, like the Thar Desert, have little plant life, and as a result, few people live there. The tropical wet and dry climate of northern Sri Lanka produces both grasses and trees

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Multiple Choice

Which area has less vegetation

• Deccan Plateaun and Pakistan-India Border

• Highlands and Sri Lanka

• East and Bangladesh