Covalent Bonding Basics

Ellington Covalent Bonding Basics

Open Ended

Warm-up: The name "Covalent" bonding is a hint about this type of bond.

What does "Co-" mean? (this is a regular English prefix)

What does "Valent" mean? (this is the chemistry term)

Covalent vs Ionic

• Ionic bonds involve a metal and a nonmetal

• Covalent Bonds involve 2 nonmetals

Multiple Choice

Which column of the periodic table will include nonmetals?

• 1

• 7

• 13

• 17

Multiple Choice

Nonmetals are highly electronegative and attract electrons.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Nonmetals tend to...

• lose electrons

• gain electrons

• never achieve the octet rule

• form positive ions

Sharing!

Since we have to nonmetals involved, neither element will give up their electron (both are holding tight). So to achieve stability, they need to SHARE valence elections.

Few details.

• The elements are sharing just a few valence electrons

• The elements are trying to achieve the octet rule

Drawing and Naming

• Lewis dot diagrams have room for a PAIR of electrons on each side of an element's symbol

• Nonmetals will SHARE their unpaired electrons

• Note the 2 ways to draw the final molecule (circles or with lines)

Multiple Choice

After covalently bonding, how many valence electrons does each atom have?

• 8 or 2

• 8

• 2

• depends on periodic table location

Multiple Choice

Which electrons are involved in a covalent bond?

• all valence electrons

• unpaired valence electrons

• only the electrons from hydrogen

Open Ended

What questions do you have so far? (I can see your name, but I will not say who asked the question)

Multiple Choice

What does a single line represent in the lewis diagram?

• 1 shared electron

• 2 shared electrons

• 1 shared proton

• 2 shared protons

Multiple Choice

How do we represent atoms sharing 4 electrons?

• 1 line

• 2 lines

• 3 lines

• 4 lines

Naming Covalent Compounds

• We still add -ide to the end of the second element

• We add prefixes to indicate how many atoms of each element is involved

Multiple Choice

Which formula matches dihydrogen monoxide

• H₂O₂

• H₂0

• 2H10

Multiple Choice

Which formula matches dichlorine tetrabromide?

• Cl₂Br₄

• Cl₁₀B₅

• C₂Br₇

Multiple Choice

What should we name N₂O₃?

• Dinitride trioxygen

• Dinitrogen tetroxide

• Dinitrogen trioxide

Open Ended

What questions do you have?