DNA Analysis Review

DNA Review

Deundra Daggett Leair

Fill in the Blank

What does DNA stand for?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following accurately describes the structure of DNA?

• It is an enzyme.

• It is a protein.

• It is a starch.

• It is a polymer.

Multiple Choice

Which accurately describes the function of DNA?

• DNA speeds up chemical reactions.

• DNA is genetic information that controls all cell activity.

• DNA surrounds the cell and allows nutrients in and wastes out.

• DNA is responsible for creating cellular energy.

Multiple Choice

If DNA is a polymer, what are its monomers?

• monosaccharides

• glycerol and fatty acids

• amino acids

• nucleotides

Multiple Choice

Where is DNA located?

• nucleus

• endoplasmic reticulum

• cell membrane

• mitochondria

Fill in the Blank

How is DNA shaped?

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• is a biomolecule (nucleic acid).

  • ​monomers: nucleotides

  • elements: CHONP

• is genetic material that programs all cellular activity (blueprints).

• is found in the nucleus of the cell​.

• is double stranded with a helical structure.

Multiple Choice

Structure X includes a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. What is this structure called?

• sugar-phosphate backbone

• hydrogen bond

• complementary base pair

• nucleotide

Multiple Choice

Which pairs with adenine?

• guanine

• tyrosine

• thymine

• cytosine

Multiple Choice

Which pairs with guanine?

• adenine

• cysteine

• guanine

• cytosine

Multiple Choice

Assume that two strands of DNA have been separated and that the base sequence on one strand is 5'-TTGC-3'. What is the sequence of bases on the complimentary strand?

• 3'-CCAT-5'

• 5'-CCAT-3'

• 3'-AACG-5'

• 5'-AACG-3'

Multiple Choice

If a polymer of DNA has 20% guanine, how much cytosine is present?

• 20%

• 80%

• 30%

• 60%

Multiple Choice

DNA is ____________.

• horizontal

• vertical

• perpendicular

• antiparallel

Nucleotides

• are made of

  1. a phosphate group

  2. a pentose (5-carbon) sugar

     (DNA = deoxyrib​ose)

  3. nitrogenous base

     1. adenine

     2. guanine

     3. thymine

     4. cytosine

Chargaff's Rule

​The Base-Pairing Rule

• Adenine ALWAYS pairs with Thymine

  • 2 hydrogen bonds

• Guanine ALWAYS pairs with Cytosine

  • 3 hydrogen bonds​

DNA is Antiparallel.

Strands are oriented in opposite directions.

​5'

​3'

​3'

​5'

​3'

​5'

​5'

​3'

​5'

​5'

​3'

​3'