Earth's Surface Features and Landforms

​The Earth's Surface is constantly changing.

Land can be built up

Or land can be worn down.

Land is constantly being formed and built up.

​Forces deep in the Earth push up mountains.

​Land can be built up in the ocean through erosion and deposition.

Land is constantly being worn down by wind, water, and ice.

This valley was cared out by a glacier millions of years ago.

​This arch was carved by high wind over thousands of years.

What causes these different landforms to be built up or worn down?

Causes of ​Weathering, Erosion, Deposition

• ​Weathering- the breaking down of rocks.

  • ​Caused by wind, rain, and ice.

• ​Erosion- the movement of pieces of sediment.

  • ​Caused by wind, rain, ice, and gravity.

• ​Deposition- the action of depositing something.

  • ​Caused by the stopping of movement.

Multiple Choice

When rocks are broken down into smaller pieces

• erosion

• weathering

• sediment

Multiple Choice

When water, ice and wind move particles of rock and soil from one place to another

• sediment

• weathering

• erosion

​Weathering

​Water- fast moving water causes rocks to hit one another breaking them into small pieces.

​

​Wind- as wind blows fast, small pieces of sand cut and shape the rocks making them smooth.

​

Ice- ​Glacier- a large body of ice is pulled down the mountain by gravity, taking large chunks of rock from the mountain with it.

Erosion

• ​Water- Rivers, streams, and runoff move broken pieces of sediment and soil.​​

• ​​Wind- strong winds can carry sand and small pieces of sediment.​​

• Ice- glaciers move large rocks down the mountain.

Multiple Choice

Earth's surface features are continually changing... this is due to

• wearing away of the surface

• building up of the surface

• Both wearing away and building up

​Landforms- a natural feature of the Earth's surface in any given area.

​Types of Landforms:​

1. ​Canyon

2. ​Valley​​

3. ​Delta

4. ​Sand Dunes​

​How are Landforms formed?

• ​WEATHERING

• ​EROSION

• ​DEPSITION

Multiple Choice

Rain washing away soil from a hillside

• Weathering

• Erosion

​Canyons- a deep valley with high deep sides.

How it's formed

• ​Weathering- strong moving water or wind breaks down the rocks.

• ​Erosion- strong moving river or wind take the broken pieces of sediment away.

• ​

Multiple Choice

Flood water pounding against a canyon wall and wearing it down

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

​Valley- low area of land inbetween mountains.

• ​How it's formed

  • ​Weathering- fast moving rivers or glaciers break away the rock from the mountain.

  • ​Erosion- fas moving rivers or a glacier moves the large pieces of rock down the mountain.

Multiple Choice

• strait

• valley

• plateau

• glacier

Multiple Choice

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

Multiple Choice

A mass of ice that covers a large area and moves slowly

• gravity

• glacier

• sediment

Multiple Choice

• mountain

• ocean

• valley

• glacier

​Deltas- land formed at the mouth of the river by sediment.

• ​How it's formed

  • ​Erosion- strong moving river take the broken pieces of sediment away.

  • ​Deposition- as river empties into a large body of water(the mouth of the river) the sediment falls to the ground and builds up.

Multiple Choice

Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean floor

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

​Sand Dunes- large deposits of sand dropped in piles.

• ​​How it's formed​

  • ​Erosion- strong winds carry sand.

  • ​Deposition- large deposit of sand are dropped when the wind stops moving.

Multiple Choice

Wind blowing sand from one location to another

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

Multiple Choice

• plateau

• island

• valley

• hill

Multiple Choice

Erosion caused by _______________ changes beaches and lakes

• glaciers

• ice

• waves

Multiple Choice

How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—

• keeps the rocks in place

• makes the rocks last longer

• expands cracks and breaks rocks

• causes rocks to fall in landslides

Multiple Choice

What does weathering mean?

• to move

• to settle in a new spot

• to break apart

• to sit still

Multiple Choice

What does erosion mean?

• to break apart

• to settle in new spot

• to move

• to sit still

Multiple Choice

What does deposition mean?

• to settle in a new spot

• to break apart

• to sit still

• to move

Multiple Choice

Flood waters moving soil from one location to another

• Weathering

• Erosion