Elements That Affect Weather

Elements of Weather

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Multiple Choice

T or F: A barometer is used to measure temperature.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

T or F: Air pressure increases as you move higher in the atmosphere.

• True

• False

Open Ended

What is weather?

What is Weather?

• Weather=the condition of the atmosphere at a certain time and place

• Words that describe weather:

• Temperature, humidity, precipitation, air pressure, wind, visibility

Open Ended

How would you describe the weather today?

Temperature

• Temperature= how hot or cold something is

• Measured with a thermometer

• Thermometers- filled with liquid that expands or contracts depending on how warm the air is

Multiple Choice

Look at p. 156. When it's 58 degrees F, what temperature is it in Celsius?

• 0 degrees C

• about 14 degrees C

• about 25 degrees C

• about 33 degrees C

Humidity

• Humidity= how much water vapor is in the air

• In 100% saturated air the condensation rate= evaporation rate

• Relative humidity- how much water vapor is there compared to how much is needed to reach saturation (50% humidity, 75% humidity)

Humidity

• Psychrometer- measures humidity

• How does air get saturated?

  • Evaporation adds water vapor to the air OR

  • Air can cool to below the dew point

• Dew point- temperature where more condensation happens than evaporation (water vapor becomes liquid dew)

Multiple Choice

Which of these would you use to measure humidity?

• thermometer

• barometer

• psychrometer

• binoculars

Multiple Choice

Which is happening at a faster rate when the temperature gets to the dew point?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

Precipitation

• Precipitation= any form of water that falls to Earth from clouds

• 4 kinds: rain, snow, hail, sleet

• Rain= condensation droplets combine, get heavier, and fall

• Snow=air temperatures are low and water vapor becomes a solid

• Hail= balls of ice falling during a thunderstorm

• Sleet= rain falls through freezing air and forms ice

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not one of the four main kinds of precipitation?

• Snow

• Sleet

• Dew

• Rain

Multiple Choice

Which tool do we use to measure rain?

• barometer

• rain gauge

• thermometer

• psychrometer

Air Pressure

• Air pressure-force of air molecules pushing on an area

• Presses in all directions so we don't feel it

• Measured with a barometer

Multiple Choice

T or F: Air pressure is lower on top of a mountain than at the bottom.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of these is used to measure air pressure?

• Barometer

• Rain gauge

• Thermometer

• Anemometer

Wind

• Wind=air moving parallel to the ground

• Caused by uneven heating of the Earth and pressure differences from one place to another

• Wind's speed is measured with an anemometer

• Wind direction is measured with a wind vane or a windsock.

Multiple Choice

Which direction does wind move in?

• Low pressure to high pressure

• High pressure to low pressure

Multiple Choice

Which of these would tell you how fast wind is moving?

• Wind vane

• Barometer

• Anemometer

• Psychrometer

Visibility

• Visibility= how transparent is the air

• Fog and air pollution can reduce visibility

• Poor visibility creates dangerous conditions for driving, biking, etc.

Open Ended

Name something that can reduce visibility (we just mentioned two things!)

Tools for Measuring Weather

• Ground station

• Weather buoy

• Ship

• Satellite

• Airplane

Multiple Choice

What is the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place called?

• Climate

• Humidity

• Weather

• Temperature

Multiple Choice

The amount of moisture in the air is commonly expressed as _________________ humidity.

• extreme

• saturated

• incredible

• relative

Multiple Choice

Visibility can be affected by air pollution and ________.

• Wind

• Fog

• Humidity

• Evaporation

Multiple Choice

Wind moves from areas of ____________ pressure to areas of _________ pressure.

• Low, high

• High, low

• Low, Low

• High, High