Energy Conservation, Transfer, and Transformation

Physical Science - Energy: Conservation and Transfer

Multiple Choice

Which example best relates to chemical energy?

• A lamp plugged into an electrical outlet.

• Gasoline burning in a car's engine causing the car to move.

Multiple Choice

Calculate the PE of a bird sitting on a tree limb. The mass of the bird is 0.1 kg and it is 5 meters off the ground.

• 4.9 J

• 4.9 m/s

• 5.4 J

• None of the above answers are correct.

Multiple Choice

A book on a 2-meter high shelf has 20 joules of potential energy. What is the mass of the book?

• 4.08 kg

• .1 J

• 392 J

• .1 kg

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct formula to solve for Kinetic Energy.

• KE = 1/2mv²

• KE = mgh

• KE = d/t

• v² = 2KE/m

Multiple Choice

Pick the correct formula to calculate for Potential Energy.

• PE = 1/2mv²

• PE = mgh

• m = PE/gh

• h = PE/mg

Multiple Choice

Which option is the correct unit of measurement for energy?

• Joule (J)

• Kilogram (kg)

• Newton (N)

• Jewel (je)

Multiple Choice

What is energy?

• Energy is something that is moving.

• Energy is something that builds up when something is at rest.

• Energy describes the ability of things to change themselves or to cause change to other things.

• All of the above accurately describe ENERGY.

Multiple Choice

What is the transformation shown in the picture?

• chemical to electrical to light
• electrical to chemical to light
• light to chemical to electrical
• chemical to light to electrical

Multiple Choice

Food, batteries, and fuel such as gasoline are similar because they are sources of _________ energy.

• chemical energy
• kinetic energy
• mechanical energy
• heat energy

Multiple Choice

What type of energy does this provide?

• thermal
• radiant
• sound
• mechanical

Multiple Choice

Energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom is called _________ energy.

• Chemical
• Nuclear
• Gravitational
• Elastic

Multiple Choice

What type of energy is in this picture?

• Kinetic
• Potential
• Chemical
• Sound

Multiple Choice

Energy of motion is which type of energy?

• Potential
• Kinetic
• Sound
• Gravitational

Multiple Choice

Energy stored in the height of an object is called ___________ potential energy.

• Elastic
• Chemical
• Gravitational
• Nuclear

Multiple Choice

The movement of energy through substances in longitudinal waves (vibrating matter) is called ___________ energy. 

• Heat
• Sound
• Electical
• Light

Multiple Choice

Electromagnetic energy (such as visible waves, X-rays, gamma rays and radio waves) is called _______ energy.

• Heat
• Light
• Sound
• Electrical

Multiple Choice

Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules is __________ potential energy.

• Chemical  
• Elastic
• Nuclear
• Gravitational

Multiple Choice

The motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, substances, and objects is called ___________ energy.

• Kinetic
• Potential
• Moving
• Kaliedic 

Multiple Choice

Stored energy is called ______ energy.

• Kinetic
• Potential
• Pacific
• Safe

Multiple Choice

Thermal energy being moved from one object to another by conduction, convection, or radiation is called _____________________.

• fluids

• heat transfer

• collision of atoms

• radiation

Multiple Choice

Feeling warmth on your hands when you hold them near a campfire is an example of ____________________________.

• radiation

• conduction

• convection

• conductors

Multiple Choice

Transfer of energy through circular motion caused by heating and cooling in fluids (liquids and gases).

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Conductors

Multiple Choice

Objects that can transfer energy easily.

• Conductors

• Conduction

• Convection

• Insulators

Multiple Choice

Thermal energy is transferred when two objects of different temperatures touch.

• Conductors

• Conduction

• Radiation

• Convection

Multiple Choice

A student is melting a sugar cube over a flame, as shown in the picture provided. What energy transfer is causing the sugar cube to melt?

• Candle to spoon – conduction

  Spoon to sugar cube – conduction

• Candle to spoon – radiation

  Spoon to sugar cube – conduction

• Candle to spoon – conduction

  Spoon to sugar cube – convection

• Candle to spoon – convection

  Spoon to sugar cube – conduction

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a situation in which an egg is receiving thermal energy through convection?

• Which of the following is an example of a situation in which an egg is receiving thermal energy through convection?

• An egg is fried in a metal pan on the stove.

• An egg cracked on a hot sidewalk starts to cook.

• The egg is cooked in a pot of water on the stove.

Multiple Choice

Conduction can only occur between two objects when–

• one object is less dense than the other.

• both objects are in physical contact with each other.

• one of the objects is made of a metal.

• both objects are exactly the same temperature.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly identifies a method of heat transfer that will happen in this situation?

• Heat will be transferred from the hot plate to the thermometer through radiation.

• Heat will be transferred from the beaker to the thermometer through convection.

• Heat will be transferred from the hot plate to the beaker through convection.

• Heat will be transferred from the thermometer to the beaker through conduction.

Multiple Choice

Radiation is a method of thermal energy transfer. It refers to the transfer of heat energy that moves–

• through empty space.

• when objects touch.

• only through solids.

• in the motion of fluids.

Multiple Choice

On a hot summer day, which shirt would you put on to make sure you stay cool while you are outside playing?

• A black shirt because it reflects the sun's energy.
• A white shirt because it reflects the sun's energy.
• A black shirt because it absorbs the sun's energy.
• A white shirt because it absorbs the sun's energy.

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows a cart moving freely along a track. What happens to the energy of the cart as it moves from point A to point B on the diagram?

• Potential energy is transformed to kinetic energy.

• Kinetic energy is transformed to potential energy.

• Both potential energy and kinetic energy stay the same.

Multiple Choice

What type of energy is transferred from the golf club to the golf ball?

• nuclear

• mechanical

• chemical

• radiant

Multiple Choice

Which energy transformation below matches?
Burning coal or carbon-based fuel at a powerplant?

• chemical to heat to electrical
• mechanical to chemical to sound
• electrical to chemical to heat

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the correct order of the energy transformations that occur when green plants produce their food from the Sun’s energy?

• chemical → thermal
• light → chemical
• thermal → light
• chemical → electrical

Multiple Choice

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?

• energy is always created, but not destroyed

• energy cannot be created or destroyed

• energy cannot be created, but can be destroyed

• energy is always being created and destroyed

Multiple Choice

What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?

• energy is always created, but not destroyed

• energy cannot be created or destroyed

• energy cannot be created, but can be destroyed

• energy is always being created and destroyed

Multiple Choice

You do 40 Joules of work in 8 seconds. How much power did you exert?

• 0.2 watts

• 320 watts

• 5 watts

Multiple Choice

Energy is

• stored work

• is destroyed when used

• can not be changed into another form of energy

• measured in newtons

Multiple Choice

You exert 200 J of work by pulling on an object with 20 N of force. What distance is the object moved?

• .01 m

• 10 m

• 10 J

• 4,000 m

Multiple Choice

500 J of work is done by a person who uses a force of 50N to move a box, how far does it go?

• 10 m

• 0.1 m

• 25,000 m

• 10 J

Multiple Choice

You have to push with 15 N of force to move it 10 meters. How much work do you do?

• 15 Joules

• 150 Joules

• 1.5 Joules

• .67 Joules

Multiple Choice

Is this an example of work?

• Yes

• No!

Multiple Choice

Is this an example of work?

• Yes

• No

Multiple Choice

Fred kicks a ball with a force of 20N to George, who is 5M away. How much work was done to the ball?

• 25J
• 100J
• 4J
• 75J

Multiple Choice

If you push a cart with a force of 60 N for 2 m, how much work have you done?

• 120 J
• 30 J
• 120 N 
• 30 N

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the best example of work being done? 

• doing homework
• lifting a box
• pushing a stationary box
• holding a box

Multiple Choice

Which is doing work?

• pushing a wall
• holding a box
• picking up a pencil
• sitting in a chair

Multiple Choice

What is work?

• A push or pull.
• When the object moves in the same direction in which the force is exerted.
• A change in energy.
• The rate at which energy is transferred.

Multiple Choice

Which situation is work not done?

• lifting a 20 pound box off the floor
• holding a 20 pound box above the floor
• sliding a 20 pound box across the floor
• sliding a 20 pound box up an inclined plane

Multiple Choice

 Work done = Force x _________

• a. distance
• b. acceleration
• c. velocity
• d. speed

Multiple Choice

Force is a _____ or _______

• simple    complex
• push     pull
• up      down
• in      out

Multiple Choice

Which one is a unit of mass?

• meter (m)

• gram (g)

• Joule (J)

• Newton (N)

Multiple Choice

Which one is a unit of mass?

• meter (m)
• gram (g)
• Joule (J)
• Newton (N)

Multiple Choice

Using a lever, Joe is able to lift a 10,000 N car off of the ground with a force of 1000 N. What is the mechanical advantage of the lever?

• 1
• 10
• 100
• 1000

Multiple Choice

What is resistance (output) force?

• the force required by a machine in order to accomplish work (the force you put on the machine)
• the force which an effort force must overcome in order to do work on an object via a simple machine.
• the force the machine exerts on a object
• the output work times the input distance

Multiple Choice

What is effort (input) force?

• the force required by a machine in order to accomplish work (the force you put on the machine)
• the force which an effort force must overcome in order to do work on an object via a simple machine.
• the force the machine exerts on a object
• the output work times the input distance

Multiple Choice

Something similar to a see-saw that can lift an object.

• Wedge
• Screw
• Lever
• Wheel and Axle

Multiple Choice

Mechanical Advantage:  To reduce the friction of moving something.

• Lever
• Inclined Plane
• Screw
• Wheel and Axle

Multiple Choice

What type of simple machine is shown here?

• Pulley
• Wheel and Axle
• Lever
• Wedge

Multiple Choice

Mechanical Advantage:  To drive objects apart.

• Pulley
• Inclined Plane
• Wedge
• Wheel and Axle

Multiple Choice

A ramp.

• Lever
• Inclined Plane
• Wedge
• Screw

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does a simple machine do?

• allows the users to apply less force over a longer distance
• reduce the amount of force needed to do work
• change the direction of the applied force
• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true for the picture?

• elephant is the fulcrum, mouse is the effort, triangle is the load
• mouse is the fulcrum, triangle is the effort, elephant is the load
• triangle is the fulcrum, mouse is the effort, elephant is the load

Multiple Choice

A ramp is an example of a(n)

• inclined plane
• fulcrum
• force
• lever

Multiple Choice

An object being lifted or moved is a

• load
• fulcrum
• force
• work

Multiple Choice

A simple machine usually used to raise a flag is a (an)

• inclined plane

• pulley

• lever

• wheel and axle

Multiple Choice

To increase the mechanical advantage of a lever

• make sure the fulcrum is in the middle of the lever
• move the fulcrum closer to the load
• move the fulcrum closer to the effort
• use a bigger fulcrum

Multiple Choice

All of these are examples of a wheel and axle except:

• pizza cutter
• doorknob
• windmill
• lever

Multiple Choice

How can the lever be balanced?

• add weight to the right side

• move the fulcrum right

• move the heavier weight back

Multiple Choice

How can the lever be balanced?

• add weight to the right side
• move the fulcrum right
• move the heavier weight back

Multiple Choice

Sound needs a medium to travel through.  What is a medium?

• solid, liquid, gas
• open space
• waves
• nothing

Multiple Choice

Which word is used to identify the distance between points C & G?

• Amplitude

• Crest

• Frequency

• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

What are the parts of a longitudinal wave?

• Compressions and rarefactions
• Crests and troughs
• Compressions and crests
• Rarefactions and troughs

Multiple Choice

The lowest point on a wave is the:

• Amplitude
• Crest
• Trough
• Wavelength

Multiple Choice

The highest point on a wave is:

• the crest
• the trough
• the top
• the coast 

Multiple Choice

What property of the wave is represented by the letter "B"?

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

What property of this wave is represented by the letter "A"

• amplitude
• crest
• trough
• wavelength

Multiple Choice

A wave that can travel through matter and empty space is a:

• electromagnetic wave

• longitudinal wavy

• transverse wave

Multiple Choice

Which answer best explains what causes a wave?

• Shaking
• Potential energy
• Light
• Vibrations

Multiple Choice

In a longitudinal wave, the parts where the coils are close together are called what?

• longitudes
• rarefactions
• compressions
• contractions

Multiple Choice

Which part of the wave is shown at letter E?

• trough
• crest
• resting point
• amplitude

Multiple Choice

All waves carry ________ as they travel from one place to another.

• matter

• space

• energy

• water

Multiple Choice

You can't hear sounds in outer space because there is no

• medium

• light

• energy

• heat

Multiple Choice

What kind of wave is pictured below?

• compressional wave
• transverse wave
• sound wave
• mechanical wave

Multiple Choice

The highest point on a wave is:

• the crest

• the trough

• the top

• the coast

Multiple Choice

Transverse waves are ___.

• Parallel
• Perpendicular
• Weird

Multiple Choice

Longitudinal waves are ______.

• Parallel
• Perpendicular
• Crazy

Multiple Choice

Waves move ___ through vibrations

• Energy
• Matter
• Mass
• Weight

Multiple Choice

Identify the conductor below.

• cloth rag
• plastic bottle
• gold ring

Multiple Choice

____________ stops the flow of electricity.

• A conductor
• An insulator
• A magnet

Multiple Choice

Electricity is the flow of _________.

• protons
• neutrons
• electrons

Multiple Choice

How many volts are in a circuit with a battery that has a resistance of 10 Ohms and a current of 2 Amps? 

• .5 Volts
• 5 Volts
• 20 Volts

Multiple Choice

What is the unit for resistance?

• Volts
• Amperes
• Ohms

Multiple Choice

An accumulation of electrons on an object is known as ___________.

• current
• AC
• static electricity

Multiple Choice

Which formulas represents Ohm's law?

• V=IR
• R=IV
• I=RV

Multiple Choice

As the resistance in a circuit increases, the electric current __________.

• increases
• decreases
• stays the same

Multiple Choice

Electric current is measured in ______.

• Watts
• Volts
• Amperes

Multiple Choice

Thicker wires have _______ resistance than thinner wires.

• more
• less
• the same

Multiple Choice

Identify the insulator below.

• aluminum foil
• paperclip
• rubber eraser

Multiple Choice

Identify the conductor below.

• cloth rag
• plastic bottle
• gold ring

Multiple Choice

Lightning is an example of _________.

• static electricity
• current electricity
• watts
• voltage

Multiple Choice

What is a closed path for electrons to flow through?

• static electricity
• circuit
• amperes

Multiple Choice

Magnets that are arranged like this will _______. 

• move away from each other (repel)
• move towards each other (attract)

Multiple Choice

What happens when two north poles of a magnet are placed together?

• they repel
• they attract
• they cancel each other out
• the strength of the magnet is doubled

Multiple Choice

What do the lines around this magnet represent?

• North Pole
• South Pole
• Magnetic Declination
• Magnetic Field

Multiple Choice

If you place the North pole of a magnet next to the South pole of another magnet, they will:

• Attract
• Repel
• Do nothing
• Shatter

Multiple Choice

You can make an electromagnet stronger by...

• increasing the current through the wire
• make the iron core bigger
• increase the number of loops around the core
• All of these

Multiple Choice

Generators use __________ to create Electricity

• Electricity
• Magnetism
• Wires

Multiple Choice

What causes magnetism?

• the sun

• moving neutrons

• moving charges

• friction

Multiple Choice

The strongest part of a magnet is...

• the bars.
• the force field.
• the poles. 
• the middle.

Multiple Choice

What kind of magnet can be turned on and off?

• refridgerator magnet
• electromagnet
• magnetite
• iron

Multiple Choice

An electromagnet's poles may be reversed by:

• decreasing the voltage of the coil
• increasing the number of coils
• changing the direction of current flow
• altering the material used to make the coils

Multiple Choice

What is responsible for the Magnetic Field around Earth?

• The Earth's crust
• The Earth's molton iron core
• The Earth's mantel
• The Sun

Multiple Choice

If you cut a magnet in half, what happens to the poles?

• One half gets the North Pole, the other half gets the South Pole
• Both halves get only a North Pole
• Both halves get only a South Pole
• Both halves get a North pole and a South Pole

Multiple Choice

As the distance between two magnets increases (they get farther apart), the force between them:

• Increases
• Decreases
• Stays the Same

Multiple Choice

What do the lines around this magnet represent?

• North Pole
• South Pole
• Magnetic Declination
• Magnetic Field

Multiple Choice

Magnetism is generated by moving

• protons.

• electrons.

• neutrons.

• elements.