Food Webs, Symbiosis, Limiting Factors and Cells

• ​An ecosystem Includes all living and non-living parts of the environment as well as the interactions among them.

• ​Biotic factors are living parts of an ecosystem which includes remains and wastes.

  Non-living parts of an ecosystem which includes light, temperature, weather, soil and water

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Important Information

​If there's not enough food or water, individuals will die through starvation, desiccation (the removal of moisture from something) and stress, or they will fail to produce offspring.

Food and water

​Competition would increase. Lack of resources would affect the local population and the carrying capacity of the area would suffer.

​​Space

​Exposure to the elements or predators is a major factor.

Shelter

​Limiting Factors to take into consideration

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• ​Limiting Factors are conditions of the environment that limit the growth of a species.

• Because of these limiting factors, each ecosystem has a finite capacity for growth connected to its carrying capacity.

Limiting Factors

Multiple Choice

In the graph to the right, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?

• 3

• 7

• 70

• 40

Multiple Choice

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

• around 500

• more than 500

• less than 500

• around 600

Multiple Choice

What will happen if all of the frogs in a population die?

• The frogs' predators will decrease and the frogs' prey will increase

• The frogs' predators will increase and the frogs' prey will decrease

• We better all pray because there isn't anymore frogs.

Multiple Choice

Food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are  __________.

• limiting factors

• wet

• messy

• found in rocks

• First-order consumers feed directly on producers

• Second-order consumer feed on first-order consumers

• Third-order consumer feeds on second-order consumers

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Food Chains and Food Webs

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• Decomposers are organisms that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms and the wastes of living things.

• ​Producers make their own food through photosynthesis.

• Ecosystems get all energy from the sun! ​

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Food Chains and Food Webs

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not shown as a primary consumer

• black bear

• beaver

• pine vole

• bobcat

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• Animals coexist when they live in the same habitat but rely on different resources

  Mutualism is a relationship in which both species benefit

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Animal Relationships​

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• Commensalism is a relationship where one species benefits without benefiting or harming the other species

• Parasitism is a relationship between a parasite and its host where one species benefits and the other is harmed.

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​Animal Relationships

Multiple Choice

Arrows in a food web represent...

• eating

• sunlight

• energy

• matter