Inferring Central Ideas

Inferring a main idea

by Maria Wulandari

Preparation

​Please study this VIDEO --> bit.ly/impliedmainidea. Find the following information and supply your ANSWER in the NEXT SLIDES.

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​1. Kinds of Main Idea

​2. Location of Main Idea

​3. Strategy to find an Implied Main idea

​4. Steps to find an Implied Main Idea

Open Ended

Main idea is divided into two kinds. What are they?

Open Ended

Where is the location of main idea if it is unstated?

Open Ended

How can we find the main idea which is implied?

Open Ended

Mention in short the 4 steps of finding an implied main idea.

​Congratulations! Please Go to the Next Activity.

​In the following slide you will find a quiz with reading exercises. You should try to look for the implied main idea in the text. There will be several choices. Please choose the best one that matches with the main idea of the paragraph.

Multiple Choice

Floodplains are the flat land near a river that is covered with water when the river risesfollowing a storm. They can control flooding when thewaters of a narrow river rise rapidly. As soon as the river's water has exceeded its banksand enters a floodplain, the water spreads out over a wide area and slows down. There,the floodplain holds the water, allowing it to be slowly released into the river systemand into underground bodies of water. Floodplains also help clean rivers and streams.They keep the water long enough for sediment (small particles of dust, rock, andorganic matter) to settle into the earth under the floodplain. This keeps the sedimentout of the river or stream.

• Floodplains are the flat land near a river that is covered with water when the river risesfollowing a storm.

• Floodplains can control flooding when the waters of a narrow river rise rapidly

• Floodplains near a river provide several benefits.

Multiple Choice

As the Dutch built their cities, farms, and factories on the floodplains, theyalso built a system of barriers' to keep the floodwaters back. The Dutch barriers are the strongest in the world, designed to protect the country from the usual hightides and heavy rainfall, as well as possible "monster" storms that occur onlyrarely. The first line of defense is the dikes, 2 dams,' and storm barriers, which overthe centuries have become ever longer and higher. Today they stretch for about2,200 miles (3,500 km) along the sea and the major rivers. They are aided bysecondary defenses, such as canal dikes and holding ponds, as well as by thousandsof water pumps and pumping stations

• The Dutch built cities, farms, and factories on the floodplains

• The Dutch built a system of barriers to keep water out of the floodplains.

• The Dutch system of barriers is the strongest in the world.

Multiple Choice

A recent government study on the effects of climate change has led the Dutchgovernment to change its traditional water protection strategies. The studyconcluded that the combination of higher rainfall in Northern Europe and risingsea levels would lead to an increased risk of flooding. At the same time, hottersummers could lead to cracking and weakening in the traditional earthen dikes.Thus, in the future, it might no longer be possible to hold back the water. Thoughit will continue to maintain the barriers, the government is shifting to a "softer,"more environmentally friendly approach. The aim is to rely more on the naturalprotection of flood plains, sand dunes, salt marshes, and mud flats. Thegovernment has begun buying land along major waterways, where water could bedirected when floods threaten.

• The Dutch government has been studying the effects of climate change

• As a result of climate change, the Dutch will change their water protection strategies.

• More rainfall in Northern Europe and rising sea levels may increase the risk offlooding.

Multiple Choice

Lake Baikal, the world's largest lake, is located in southern Siberia, in Russia. Itmeasures 395 miles (636 km) long by 50 miles (80 km) wide and it has 1,245 miles(2,100 km) of coastline. The lake's rocky basin consists of three depressions, whichhold a total volume of 14,656 cubic miles (23,600 cubic km) of water, 20 percent ofthe freshwater in the world. The lake is also very deep, with its deepest point atover 1 mile (1,637 meters) and an average depth of 2,066 feet (630 meters).Furthermore, scientists have determined that Lake Baikal is the oldest lake in theworld. From sediment obtained by drilling deep down below the lake, researchersestimate it to be at least 25 million years old.

• Lake Baikal is the world's largest and oldest lake.

• Lake Baikal is over 1 mile deep at its deepest point.

• Lake Baikal is located in southern Siberia, in Russia.

Multiple Choice

To scientists, Lake Baikal is of particular interest because of its unique andisolated ecosystem. More than 1,000 species of plants and animals found at LakeBaikal exist nowhere else on earth and some can be dated to prehistoric times.Among its unique fauna is the Baikal freshwater seal. This creature, which localpeople call nerpa, is the only mammal which inhabits the lake. Researchersspeculate that these seals, which have been breeding at Lake Baikal for 22 millionyears, are the descendents of ocean-dwelling seals which migrated inland in searchof food, when the lake was still connected to the sea. Another creature that isunique to this Siberian Lake is the omu/, a fish, which is caught by local fishermanand is considered a great delicacy.

• Scientists can study many unique species that exist only at Lake Baikal

• The fauna at Lake Baikal includes a freshwater seal called nerpa and a fish called omul

• Many unique species can be found in the isolated ecosystem of Lake Baikal

​Congratulations! You've done a great job.