Introduction to Statistics

1.1 An Overview of Statistics

by Alina Sanchez Mederos

Multiple Choice

_________ consist of information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses.

• Statistics

• Data

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

__________ is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions.

• Statistics

• Data

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data set is a population of a sample:

The amount of energy collected from every wind turbine on a wind farm.

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data set is a population of a sample:

The cholesterol levels of 20 patients in a hospital with 100 patients.

• Population

• Sample

Multiple Choice

Identify the population and the sample:

The average annual salary for 35 of a company's 1200 accountants is $68,000.

• Population: 1200

  Sample: $68,000

• Population: 35

  Sample: 1200

• Population: 1200

  Sample: 35

• Population: $68,000

  Sample: 1200

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the numerical value is a parameter or statistic:

A survey of 2514 college board members found that 38% think that higher education costs what it should relative to its value.

• Parameter

• Statistic

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the numerical value is a parameter or statistic:

Sixty-two of the 97 passengers aboard the Hindenburg airship survived its explosion.

• Parameter

• Statistic

Multiple Choice

_______ is a part of a group being surveyed.

• Sample
• Population
• Random Sample
• Quartile

Multiple Choice

_______ is the entire group of objects or individuals considered for a survey.

• Sample
• Population
• Random Sample
• Quartile

Multiple Choice

In a survey of 1046 adults conducted by Bradley Corp, subjects were asked how often they wash their hands when using a public restroom, and 70% of the respondents said "always". Identify the sample & population.

• Sample: the 1046 adults surveyed

  Population: the 70% that said "always"

• Sample: the 1046 adults surveyed

  Population: all adults

• Sample: all adults

  Population: the 1046 adults surveyed

• Sample: the 70% that said "always"

  Population: all adults

Multiple Choice

A poll was conducted in which 1000 adults were asked if they prefer bottled water or tap water, and 57% of them said they prefer bottled water. In this scenario, the 57% is a _____.

• population

• sample

• parameter

• statistic

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Weight of dogs at an animal rescue facility.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

There are 17,246,372 high school students in the U.S. In a study of 8505 U.S. high school students 16 years of age or older, 44.5% of them said they texted while driving at least once in the past 30 days. Which of the following represents the sample?

• the 17,246,372 high school students in the U.S.

• the 8505 U.S. high school students 16 years of age or older

• the 44.5% who said they texted while driving

• the past 30 days

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Carrying capacities of flatbed trucks.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Suppose a survey of 584 women in the U.S. found that more than 65% are the primary investor in their household. Which part of the survey represents the descriptive branch of statistics?

• There is an association between U.S. women and being the primary investor in their household.

• There is an association between the 584 women and being the primary investor in their household.

• 65% of women in the sample are the primary investor in their household.

• 584 women were surveyed

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Hair colors of classmates.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Suppose a survey of 584 women in the U.S. found that more than 65% are the primary investor in their household. Choose the best inference.

• There is an association between U.S. women and being the primary investor in their household.

• There is an association between the 584 women and being the primary investor in their household.

• 65% of women in the sample are the primary investor in their household.

• 584 women were surveyed

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Student ID numbers

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Species of mammals in a rain forest.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Responses on an opinion poll.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

1.2 Data Classification​

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Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Wait times at the Department of Motor Vehicles

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The years that a television show on ABC won the Emmy for best comedy series are listed:

1955, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1988, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine whether the data is qualitative or quantitative:

Heights of infants in a maternity ward.

• Qualitative

• Quantitative

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The top five business schools in the US for a recent year according to Forbes are listed:

1. Standford
2. Harvard
3. Northwestern
4. Columbia
5. Dartmouth

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The flight numbers of 6 departing flights from Chicago O'Hare International Airport on an afternoon in October of 2016 are listed:

1785

5159

4509

3458

334

2110

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The temperatures on a physician's intake form.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The allergies on a physician's intake form.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The Pain Level (scale 0 to 10) on a physician's intake form.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The weight on a physician's intake form.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The gender on an employment application.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The Highest Grade level Completed on an employment application.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The Number of Years at Last Job on an employment application.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Determine the level of measurement of the data set.

The Year of College Graduation on an employment application.

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Grade point average

• Nominal

• Ordinal

• Interval

• Ratio

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Trahan samples her class by selecting every third person on her class list.  Which type of sampling method is this?

• Simple
• Systematic
• Stratified
• Cluster

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Trahan samples her class by selecting all students sitting at group 1 and group 5 in her classroom.  This sampling technique is called?

• Simple
• Stratified
• Systematic
• Cluster

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Trahan samples her class by picking 10 numbers from her hat and each number is assigned to a student. This is ______________ random sampling.

• Systematic
• Simple
• Stratified
• Cluster

​

1.3 Data Collection and Experimental Design​

Multiple Choice

Farmer Joe separates his apple tree farm into 10 regions.  He counts the number of apples produced in just one of the regions and uses that estimate to predict the number of apples produced on the whole farm.  This is _______ sampling.

• Simple
• Cluster
• Stratified
• Systematic

Multiple Choice

Farmer Joe's apple tree farm is set up in 100 rows.  He counts the number of apples produced on every 10th row to estimate the number apples produced on the whole farm.  This is _____________ sampling.  

• Simple
• Stratified
• Cluster
• Systematic

Multiple Choice

Farmer Joe randomly picks 100 trees using a random number generator to estimate the number of apples produced by his apple trees.  This is ______________ sampling.

• Simple
• Stratified
• Cluster
• Systematic

Multiple Choice

Farmer Joe separates his farm into 10 regions.  He then randomly selected 5 trees from each region to estimate the number of apples produced on his apple tree farm.  This is _____________ sampling.  

• Cluster
• Systematic
• Stratified
• Simple

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Trahan samples her class by selecting 5 girls and 7 boys.  This type of sampling is called?

• Stratified
• Systematic
• Simple
• Cluster

Multiple Choice

When one examines the entire population instead of a subgroup of the population, this is called a ____________.

• Sampling
• Census
• Bias

Multiple Choice

 Select three students from a class to receive ice cream by putting all the students' names in a hat and picking out three names randomly. 

• simple random sampling
• stratified random sampling
• cluster sampling
• systematic sampling

Multiple Choice

Divide the class into four groups (freshman, sophomore, junior and senior) and take a random sample of two students from each group

• simple random sampling
• stratified random sampling
• cluster sampling
• systematic sampling