Kinematics AP Physics

AP Physics Year in Review

Part 1: Units 01 - 04

Unit 01 - Kinematics

• Position, Velocity, Acceleration

• Visual Representations of Motion

• The Kinematic Equations

Multiple Choice

A quantity that is ignorant of direction is referred to as a

• vector quantity

• scalar quantity

Multiple Choice

An object can be moving for 10 seconds and still have zero displacement.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

What is an example of acceleration?

• The change in velocity over time
• An object's speed changes
• An object in motion changes direction
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

If the acceleration of an object is zero, then that object cannot be moving.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

When a ball is thrown straight up with no air resistance, the acceleration at its highest point

• is upward

• is downward

• is zero

• reverses from upward to downward

Poll

Based off your prior knowledge and the information over the last few slides, how confident are you in your understanding of Unit 01?

• Not at All Confident

• Somewhat Unconfident

• Neutral

• Somewhat Confident

• Very Confident

Unit 02 - Dynamics

• A system is an object or a collection of objects treated as having no internal structure.

• Forces can be represented by Free Body Diagrams.

• Newton's Laws of Motion

Multiple Choice

A(n) _______ force must act on an object for it to CHANGE it's motion

• balanced

• unbalanced

• gravitational

• constant

Multiple Choice

Match the description with this free-body diagram.

• A book is at rest on a tabletop.
• A gymnast holding onto a bar, is suspended motionless in mid-air. The bar is supported by two ropes that attach to the ceiling.
• An egg is free-falling from a nest in a tree. Neglect air resistance.
• A flying squirrel is gliding (no wing flaps) straight down from a tree to the ground at constant velocity. Consider air resistance.

Multiple Choice

Here are 3 FBD diagrams for an elevator. Consider them to be A, B, C. Which one shows an elevator accelerating upward?

• A

• B

• C

• none of these

Multiple Choice

According to Newton’s First Law, if there is no net force acting on an object it will

• Move at the same speed
• Move in the same direction
• Move with the same speed and direction
• Eventually slow down and stop

Multiple Choice

Which force diagram shows the forces on a skydiver who is slowing down immediately after her parachute opens?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Poll

Based off your prior knowledge and the information over the last few slides, how confident are you in your understanding of Unit 02?

• Not at All Confident

• Somewhat Unconfident

• Neutral

• Somewhat Confident

• Very Confident

Unit 03 - Circular Motion and Gravitation

• Vector Fields, Gravitational and Electrical Forces

• Tangential and Angular Velocity

• Centripetal Force and Acceleration

Multiple Choice

Where should you go on a merry go round to go fastest?

• Into the middle!

• Out to the edge!

• Doesn't matter- rotational speed and linear speed are the same everywhere!

• Jump up to go fastest!

Multiple Choice

If radius increases force will....

• decrease because they have a direct relationship

• decrease because they have a inverse relationship

• increase because they have a direct relationship

• increase because they have a inverse relationship

Multiple Choice

Why do objects experience centripetal acceleration?

• Because they are speeding up as they move in a circle

• Because they are constantly changing direction and the net change is directed inward

• Because they are constantly changing both speed and direction

• Because when you have 100 people pedaling, you can speed up more easily.

Multiple Choice

A 10kg car travels at a constant speed of 20.0 m/s around a horizontal circular track. Which diagram correctly represent the direction of the car's velocity (v) and the direction of the centripetal force (Fc) acting on the car at a particular moment?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following ranks the tensions in the strings from highest to lowest?

• A>C>D>B

• B>D>C>A

• B>C>A>D

• D>A>C>B

Poll

Based off your prior knowledge and the information over the last few slides, how confident are you in your understanding of Unit 03?

• Not at All Confident

• Somewhat Unconfident

• Neutral

• Somewhat Confident

• Very Confident

Unit 04 - Energy

• Open and Closed Systems

• Work and Mechanical Energy

• The Work-Energy Principle

• Conservation of Energy

Multiple Choice

In July 1971, Apollo 15 astronaut Dave Scott performed an experiment on the Moon. Scott held a feather and a hammer at the same height, and let them drop at exactly the same time. Both fell at the same rate and hit the ground at the same time.

At which time did the feather have the greatest kinetic energy?

• time 1

• time 2

• time 3

• both times 1 and 3

Multiple Choice

In July 1971, Apollo 15 astronaut Dave Scott performed an experiment on the Moon. Scott held a feather and a hammer at the same height, and let them drop at exactly the same time. Both fell at the same rate and hit the ground at the same time.

Which of the following is true about the relationship between the gravitational potential energy and the kinetic energy of the hammer?

• The sum of the kinetic energy + gravitational potential energy stays the same at all times.

• The kinetic energy and potential energy are the same as each other at all times.

• The kinetic energy at time 1 is equal to the gravitational potential energy at time 1.

• The kinetic energy at time 3 is equal to the gravitational potential energy at time 3.

Multiple Choice

An electric motor transforms electrical energy into kinetic energy. No motor can transform 100% of the electrical energy that it uses into kinetic energy. Why not?

• There is always some energy that is lost to the surroundings as thermal energy.

• There is always some kinetic energy that is transformed back into electrical energy.

• There is always some energy that is destroyed during the process of transformation.

• There is always some electrical energy that resists being transformed into other forms of energy.

Multiple Choice

The Great American Soapbox Derby is an annual summer event in Akron. Soapbox cars have no engines. They roll down the hill due to the force of gravity. Use the diagram of the derby car and track to answer the question. Assume no energy loss due to friction.

At which point will the kinetic energy be the same as the gravitational potential energy of the soapbox car as it rolls down the incline?

• point 1, because the car is highest

• point 3, because it is still moving down the ramp

• between points 2 and 3, when it is halfway down the ramp

• point 4, because it will have the greatest speed

Multiple Choice

Which of the following springs is the stiffest?

• A spring that requires a froce of 2000 N to compress it by 6.8 m.

• A spring that requires a force of 4000 N to stretch it by 9.0 m.

• A spring that requires a force of 8000 N to compress it by 45 m.

• A spring that requires a force of 4800 N to stretch it by 14 m.

Poll

Based off your prior knowledge and the information over the last few slides, how confident are you in your understanding of Unit 04?

• Not at All Confident

• Somewhat Unconfident

• Neutral

• Somewhat Confident

• Very Confident