Living Things and Environment

Living Things in Their Environment

Secondary 1

​Learning Objectives

• ​Organisms adaptation to their habitat

• ​Simple food chain diagram

• ​Positive and negative influence of humans on the environment (effect of food chain, pollution and ozone depletion)

• ​Energy resources

​Adaptation

​The place where an organism lives is called its habitat. Each kind of living organism has adaptations that help it to live in a particular habitat. Adaptations are special features that help it to live there.

​Examples:

​1. Bear hibernation during winter to conserve body heat and energy

​​2. Spiky leaves (needle shape) on cacti to slowing down the rate of evaporation

​3. Wearing mask during pandemic to prevent the spread of the disease of covid-19

Open Ended

How is the eagle adapted to live and hunt in the air?

Multiple Choice

How do adaptations help animals?

• To escape animals

• to survive in their habitats

• to hunt for food

• All of these are correct

​Food chains

• A food chain shows how energy passes from one organism to another, when it makes or eats food

• ​Food chain begin with plant which use energy from sunlight to make food

• ​Plants is producers and animal is consumers. How about us?

​Positive and negative influence of humans on the environment

​effect of food chain, pollution and ozone depletion

​Prehistoric human, hunted and gathered their food. They don't finish all resources they have, they still keep some plants to grow and some animals to live. Why?

​Hunter-gatherers

​Today, most of food that we eat comes from farms and gardens. Farmers need land to grow their crops and keep the animal. So they begin by cutting plant and tress on the ground.

​​On the cleared land, farmers can planted crops

​Farming

​Farming affects food chain

• ​Habitat of the animal before the trees cut down is taken for farming, losing the prey as well.

• ​But some animals can eat the crops that the farmer grows

Over-fishing

​Take too many fish will reduce the source of food for other animals. Poor puffins in Scotland, they decreased since humans catch lot of sand eels, the food source for puffins.

​

​Pollution and Ozone Depletion

​Pollution: Water, air, noise, soil, light and many more pollution. Can you state the example of each of the pollution? and find out how this can affect to food chains.

​

Ozone depletion: is a layer protects organism on earth from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. Do you ever heard about 'hole' in ozone? what is the cause of it?

​Conservation

Taking care of the environment and hel​ping other species to survive is called conservation. What is the purpose of it?

​The way are:

​1. Reducing pollution. How?

Burn less fuel, stop using CFCs

​2. Preserving habitats. How?

​Make a nature reserves and other protected areas where people are not allowed to do any harm to the environment, animals and plants.

Open Ended

Describe two reasons why we should try not to cut down forests?You can look back to pages 44-45.

​​Energy Resources

​Energy is:

1. when we able to move body, think during exam and do gym

​2. when car able to move

​3. when rice cooker can cook the rice

​​Now let's differentiate between renewable and non-renewable resources