Mendel and Non-Mendel

Non-Mendelian Genetics:

• Incomplete Dominance

• Codominance

• Polygenic Traits

• Epistasis

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Multiple Choice

Why do they call non-mendelian genetics patterns "rule breakers"?

• They use RNA not DNA

• Having a dominant allele doesn't necessarily mean that trait will show

• There are no dominant alleles, only recessive ones in these patterns

• They defy the laws of nature.

Multiple Choice

What happens in incomplete dominance?

• the dominant allele isn't completely expressed when the recessive one is present.

• both alleles are considered dominants, so both traits show up.

• more than one gene works together to determine a trait

• 1 gene depends on another to be expressed.

Dropdown

In cases of incomplete dominance, there are ​

Select answer

possible phenotypes.

Multiple Choice

An example of incomplete dominance is ...

• Heterozygote snapdragons are pink, not red or white

• Heterozygote chickens are black AND white, not just one or the other

• The three alleles that affect height

• The gene that controls whether llama wool color will be expressed

Multiple Choice

In snap dragons, Red (R) flowers is incompletly dominant to white (r) flowers. Heterozygotes are pink. If a pink plant is crossed with a pink plant, what percent of the offspring will be red?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

In snap dragons, Red (R) flowers is incompletly dominant to white (r) flowers. Heterozygotes are pink. If a red plant is crossed with a pink plant, what will the phenotypes of the offspring be?

• 75% red, 25% white

• 100% red, 0% pink

• 25% red, 50% pink, 25% white

• 50% red, 50% pink

Multiple Choice

What happens in codominance?

• the dominant allele isn't completely expressed when the recessive one is present.

• both alleles are considered dominants, so both traits show up.

• more than one gene works together to determine a trait

• 1 gene depends on another to be expressed.

Multiple Choice

An example of codominance is ...

• Heterozygote snapdragons are pink, not red or white

• Heterozygote chickens are black AND white, not just one or the other

• The three alleles that affect height

• The gene that controls whether llama wool color will be expressed

Multiple Choice

In chickens, Black Feathers (B) and White Feathers (W) are codominant. If a black chicken and a white chicken are bred, what percent of the offspring will be black AND white?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

In chickens, Black Feathers (B) and White Feathers (W) are codominant. If a heterozygous chicken and a white chicken are bred, what percent of the offspring will be black AND white?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Multiple Choice

What happens with polygenic traits?

• the dominant allele isn't completely expressed when the recessive one is present.

• both alleles are considered dominants, so both traits show up.

• more than one gene works together to determine a trait

• 1 gene depends on another to be expressed.

Multiple Choice

An example of a polygenic trait is ...

• Heterozygote snapdragons are pink, not red or white

• Heterozygote chickens are black AND white, not just one or the other

• The three alleles that affect height

• The gene that controls whether llama wool color will be expressed

Multiple Choice

What else can impact polygenic traits like height and skin color?

• environmental factors

• having a pet

• living in Minnesota

• how many books you read

Multiple Choice

What happens in cases of epistasis?

• the dominant allele isn't completely expressed when the recessive one is present.

• both alleles are considered dominants, so both traits show up.

• more than one gene works together to determine a trait

• 1 gene depends on another to be expressed.

Multiple Choice

An example of a epistasis is ...

• Heterozygote snapdragons are pink, not red or white

• Heterozygote chickens are black AND white, not just one or the other

• The three alleles that affect height

• The gene that controls whether llama wool color will be expressed

Match

Remember that in llamas, Black Wool (B) was dominant to Brown Wool (b). Also, Expressing Wool Color (C) is dominant to Not expressing Wool Color (c). Match each llama's genotype with their phenotype.

• BbCc

• bbCC

• Bbcc

black wool

brown wool

white wool

• black wool

• brown wool

• white wool

Multiple Choice

Why do you need larger punnett squares when making predictions about polygenic traits and cases of epistasis?

• to show more than one gene is involved

• to show which genes are more important than others

• to show how some genes aren't carried on chromosomes

• to show how Mendel was wrong