Periodic Table Lesson

8th grade periodic table

by John Toje

Periodic Table

Periodic Table elements

How well do you know the first 20 elements?

Poll

How comfortable are you with understanding the Periodic Table and understanding the relationships between its elements?

• Extremely confident!

• I feel good but not 100%

• I remember only a little...

• What is the periodic table?

The periodic table is FULL of patterns.

• If you know the patterns, you can use it to find information quickly about the elements

• The two patterns we are going to review are the periods and the group numbers

Periodic Table divisions:

• The Periodic Table is divided into groups and periods.

• Groups run up and down.

• Periods run side to side.

• REMEMBER: "The groups! The groups! The groups are in columns! The rows! The rows! The rows are periods!

Let's start with the periods

• periods are the name for the rows that go across the table

• there are 7 rows on the periodic table

• the pattern is the elements in a period have the same number of energy levels

• as elements get bigger with more electrons, the elements need more space for their electrons.

Multiple Choice

Periods run:

• up and down

• left to right

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic symbol for Chlorine?

• C

• Cl

• Ch

• K

Multiple Choice

What does Ca represent in the periodic table?

• Potassium

• Carbon

• Calcium

• Chlorine

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic symbol for Chlorine?

• C

• Cl

• Ch

• K

Multiple Choice

What does Ca represent in the periodic table?

• Potassium

• Carbon

• Calcium

• Chlorine

Periodic Table Groups:

• Groups are also called "families"

• REMEMBER*: Groups are in "columns!"

• Groups share common characteristics; i.e. All group 1 elements explode in water. All group 18 elements DON'T react.

• Fluorine and Chlorine are in the same GROUP (17), SO, they share the same PROPERTIES.

Multiple Choice

Groups run:

• up and down

• left to right

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic symbol for sodium?

• S

• So

• N

• Na

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic number for oxygen?

• 8

• 4

• 12

• 2

Multiple Choice

How many protons does Helium have?

• 2

• 3

• 8

• 12

Multiple Choice

Which two elements share common characteristics based on the periodic table?

• Sodium and Magnesium

• Chlorine and Sulfur

• Argon and Neon

• Calcium and Bromine

Multiple Choice

How many electrons does Nitrogen have?

• 2

• 7

• 8

• 16

Periodic Table Periods:

• Periods run in rows.

• Each period has the same number of electron shells. i.e. Hydrogen and Helium have 1 electron shell. Lithium and Boron have 2.

• This means each period has the same number of ENERGY LEVELS!

Multiple Choice

Which element has the following electronic configuration:

2, 8, 6

• Silicone

• Nitrogen

• Oxygen

• Sulphur

Multiple Choice

How are the 3 elements in the picture organized on the periodic table?

• Niobium and cobalt have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same energy levels.

• Cobalt and scandium have the same characteristics.

• Niobium and cobalt have the same characteristics.

Multiple Choice

Which element is a gas used in many lights and signs?

• He

• O

• H

• Ne

Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals

• The periodic table is divided into 3 types of chemicals

• They are in alphabetical order: 1. Metal, 2. Metalloid, 3. Nonmetal

• Metals are the largest group

• Metalloids are the smallest group between metals and nonmetals.

Multiple Choice

Aluminum has an atomic number of 13 and a mass number of 27. How many neutrons does Aluminum have?

• 13

• 14

• 27

• 40

Multiple Choice

Metals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic symbol for magnesium?

• M

• Ma

• Mn

• Mg

Multiple Choice

Metalloids are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

How man protons does Calcium have?

• 8

• 16

• 20

• 40

Multiple Choice

Nonmetals are on the:

• Left side

• Right Side

• Stairstep

Multiple Choice

Which element has 3 electrons in the outermost shell?

• Lithium

• Boron

• Oxygen

• Sulphur

Metals

• Metals are on the left side of the table.

• Characteristics include: malleable, ductile, shiny, and conductive (electricity and heat)

Multiple Choice

The electronic configuration of Phosphorus which has an atomic number of 15 is.....

• 2, 8, 5

• 2, 8, 8

• 8, 5, 2

• 2, 5, 8

Metalloids

• Metalloids are on the stairstep between metals and nonmetals.

• Characteristics include: somewhat malleable, a little ductile, somewhat shiny, and conductive at high temperatures

Multiple Choice

Hydrogen has an atomic number of ........

• 1

• 2

• 8

• 16

Nonmetals

• Nonmetals are on the right side of the table.

• Dull, brittle, non-conductors

Multiple Choice

What is the atomic symbol for Argon?

• A

• Ar

• Ag

• An

Multiple Choice

A student is studying a mystery substance. It breaks easily. It has a very dull luster. It doesn't conduct any electricity. What is the most likely substance this is?

• Metal

• Metalloid

• Nonmetal

Multiple Choice

The same student works with a new substance. He concludes it conducts electricity very well. It has a very shiny luster. When he hammers it, it simply dents and flattens. What is the most likely substance type?

• Metal

• Metalloid

• Nonmetal

Multiple Choice

The third substance the student works with is a little brittle. It is just a little shiny. When he tries to conduct electricity through it at first, it doesn't conduct, but upon heating up, it does start to allow electrons to flow. What is the most likely substance type?

• Metal

• Metalloid

• Nonmetal