Pronoun Agreement and Reference

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Follow Grammar Rules
Unit 1 Lesson 1

​Prounouns replace a noun

Shelia went to the store with Shelia's dad.

What pronoun could you use to replace Shelia's with?

Shelia went to the store with _________ dad.


Using pronouns helps reading and writing flow better because you aren't repeating yourself.

There are MANY different types of pronouns, but we are going to focus on a few in this class

​

​Pronoun types...

• ourselves

• themselves

• yourselves

• myself

• himself

• itself

​Reflexive & Intensive pronouns end in -self or -selves

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

An intensive pronoun is used to add emphasis to a sentence. * It can be removed from a sentence *

I myself won an award that night.

​Intensive Pronouns

A reflexive pronoun renames the subject as the object of a verb or preposition.

I gave that present to myself.

​Reflexive Pronoun

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

Multiple Choice

Classify the underlined pronoun as reflexive or as an intensive pronoun:

Mom herself made dinner.

• Reflexive Pronoun

• Intensive Pronoun

Multiple Choice

Classify the underlined pronoun as reflexive or as an intensive pronoun:

I need to do the homework by myself.

• Reflexive Pronoun

• Intensive Pronoun

Multiple Choice

Classify the underlined pronoun as reflexive or as an intensive pronoun:

Dad works by himself at the farm.

• Reflexive Pronoun

• Intensive Pronoun

Multiple Choice

Classify the underlined pronoun as reflexive or as an intensive pronoun:

Can you yourself go to the movies alone?

• Reflexive Pronoun

• Intensive Pronoun

Multiple Choice

Classify the underlined pronoun as reflexive or as an intensive pronoun:

Your skates won't tie themselves.

• Reflexive Pronoun

• Intensive Pronoun

Matching Pronouns to their Antecedents

What is an antecedent?

​A word or phrase that a pronoun refers to

What is the pronoun in this sentence?

Shamere called her sister on the telephone.

Who/what is the pronoun referring to?
___________ is the antecedent

Multiple Choice

The boy jumped in the water. He made such a splash.

What is the antecedent for the pronoun HE?

• water

• spash

• the boy

Multiple Choice

Katie wrote a letter to her teacher.

What is the antecedent for HER?

• Katie

• letter

• wrote

Multiple Choice

If the singer makes American Idol, she will be so happy.

What is the antecedent for SHE?

• American Idol

• singer

• happy

A pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number, point of view, and gender.

​

​Pronoun & Antecedents

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• Alberto bumped into Kate and apologized to him.

• Alberto bumped into Kate and apologized to them.

• Alberto bumped into Kate and apologized to her.

• Alberto bumped into Kate and apologized to it.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• The dogs rolled over, but they did not wake up.

• The dogs rolled over, but she did not wake up.

• The dogs rolled over, but it did not wake up.

• The dogs rolled over, but he did not wake up.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written incorrectly?

• Because global warming acts to "put Earth in a greenhouse," it is also called the greenhouse effect.

• Sunlight enters the atmosphere and then she warms Earth's surface.

• Pollutants in the air prevent the heat from leaving, trapping the heat in Earth's atmosphere.

• These pollutants must be controlled because they will cause serious problems if Earth gets too hot.

Vague Pronouns

​Vague Pronouns

Pronouns should have clear antecedents. If a pronoun does not have a specific antecedent, it is considered a vague pronoun.

Vague pronoun references could be corrected by adding a noun or phrase or rephrasing the sentence.

Mr. Shun and his son were hiking when he saw an eagle.

What is the pronoun and who is it referring to?

Multiple Choice

Which sentence has a vague pronoun reference?

• Did you speak with Sarah and Melanie about their proposal?

• I asked Sarah and Melanie if they could talk to me about their proposal.

• Sarah and Melanie worked together on the proposal, but she is the one who spoke at the meeting.

• Sarah and Melanie were very proud of the work they did on the approval.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence contains a vague pronoun?

• Ana met her friend Laura at the coffee shop next door to her house.

• Ana and Laura ordered coffee, and then they went outside to sit in the sun.

• After, they went to Laura's house and picked out two bicycles for themselves.

• Ana and Laura round around their neighborhood until the sun began to set.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence contains a vague pronoun?

• The new store near my house has a great produce section.

• There are lots of varieties of apples, citrus fruits, grapes, and berries.

• Because I prefer fruits to vegetables, I sometimes forget to buy them.

• Thankfully, the store is so close that I can just go back to it when I need to.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is written correctly?

• Bill wasn't sure if Tom had his key.

• When my grandmother gave me a gift from Aunt Sharon, I thanked her.

• I thought I had lost my key, but then I found it in my coat pocket.

• Brenda saw Phil standing with Marcus at the bus stop, and she gave him a big hug.

Using Formal English

Slang, contractions, and shortened forms of words are often found in informal language.

Informal English

Includes standard English and correct grammar.
Does not include slang, contractions, double negatives, or shortened forms of words.

​Formal English

Formal vs. Informal English

Formal vs. Informal English

Hey Jenna,

I need you to help me rally our co-workers- it's super important! We've got to get a group together for Run for Hunger. Will you send a group text to your co's?

Let me know how it goes.

Esme

​Informal English

Dear Mrs. Stephenson,

I propose that our office staff volunteer at the Run for Hunger 10K event on Saturday. There are many people in our community who face hunger each day. Our support could improve the well-being of our neighbors.

Thank you for your consideration,
Esme

Formal English

Multiple Choice

Read the sentence.

There's a ton of trash at the apt.'s playground.

Which revision uses formal language?

• There's trash- a ton of it- at the apartment's playground.

• There is a great deal of trash at the apartment's playground.

• There is a mountain of trash at the apartment's playground.

• There is way, way too much trash at the apt.'s playground!

Multiple Choice

Read the sentence.

You're not never sure when it's time to call it quits.

Which revision is most formal?

• You're not never sure when it is time to call it quits.

• You are not ever sure when it is time to stop.

• You're not ever sure when it's time to call it quits.

• You are not never sure when it is time to stop.

Multiple Choice

Read the sentence.

The trip wasn't so great because Shana cut corners on most everything.

Which revision is most formal?

• The trip was unpleasant because Shana chose the cheapest option on almost everything.

• The trip was not so great because Shana cut corners whenever possible.

• The trip was unpleasant because Shana pretty much always chose the cheapest stuff.

• The trip wasn't great because Shana almost always chose the cheapest stuff.