South Carolina and the American Revolution

The American Revolution Phase III (3) 1778-1781

By Joe Fox

The Southern PHase (campaign)

Bye Howe, hello Clinton

After Saratoga, General Howe, although he had not commanded at Saratoga, turned in his resignation and was replaced by General Henry Clinton as Commander-in-Chief of British forces in US (8 May 1778).​

​During The Southern campaign, the British hoped to use slaves and loyalist support.

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Starting in the major port cities and using their ability to blockade the British were fairly successful.​

Lafayette was only 19 years old and without combat experience when he arrived in America.

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As both a “friend and a father,” the commander of the Continental Army held the young Frenchman in high esteem. Lafayette remained at Washington’s side during the harsh winter at Valley Forge in 1777 and through to the conclusive battle at Yorktown in 1781.​

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The Marquis de LaFayette

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The entire southern Army -- 5400-man garrison -- was captured. SC was controlled. Worst colonial defeat of the war​

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General Cornwallis would be left in charge​

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Early Success

• The Seige of Charleston​

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​1780, Benedict Arnold, convinced that the Americans would lose, moves to the British side

Benedict - switches sides

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Nathaniel Greene was sent south by Washington. The British followed Greene's army for six months J. Greene went from South Carolina, through North Carolina, to Virginia, then back to North Carolina. Greene was running from the British. K. Greene lost every battle he fought, but he won the South by getting the population to his side, and by keeping his army alive.

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Nathaniel Green

• Guerilla Warfare​

​In the fall of 1781, General George Washington, with allied American and French forces, besieged General Charles Lord Cornwallis’s British army.  On October 19, Cornwallis surrendered, effectively ending the war and ensuring independence. 

BAttle of York Town /

York town campaign

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The Peace Process

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Britain ceded everything East of the Mississippi River -- south of Canada -- to the US.

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British gave Florida to Spain.

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Britain also promised to withdraw troops from US territory.

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The US promised two things: it would compensate the Loyalists for property confiscated during the war; it would not create obstacles to impede British merchants from recovering money owed them.

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Treaty of Paris

Lord Rockingham formed a new government and negotiated to end the war​

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​Three main American negotiators:

John Jay (NY)

John Adams (Mass.)

Ben Franklin (PA)

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​Who was involved?

Multiple Choice

After the loss at Saratoga, General Clinton of the British decided to turn his attention to which area of the colonies?

• North

• South

Multiple Choice

Why was the Siege of Charleston a significant moment for the British?

• It led to the capture of George Washington

• It led to the capture of nearly 5,000 US soldiers

• It led to the French, no longer supporting the Americans

Multiple Choice

What type of warfare did General Nathaniel Greene use in the South to survive British attacks?

• Artillery

• Trench

• Guerilla

• Naval

Multiple Choice

Marquis de Lafayette fought for which side during the Revolution

• British

• Americans

Multiple Choice

What did Benedict Arnold offer to the British in trade for money and leadership?

• Information on the city of Charleston, S.C.

• Information on the city of Boston, MA

• Information on Fort Stanwix, NY

• Information on the Fort at West Point on the Hudson.

Multiple Choice

What benefits did General Benedict Arnold receive for his information about West Point?

• 20,000 pounds and a promotion

• 20,000 pounds and food

• a promotion and food

• a promotion and new rank

Multiple Choice

After all of his brave efforts in early battles, Benedict Arnold felt he did not receive the ___________ and rewards that he deserved.

• acceptance
• appreciation

Multiple Choice

General Arnold believes which side will be victorious in the war?

• Americans

• British

• Prussians

• Native Americans

Multiple Choice

Who won the battle of Yorktown?

• British

• Americans

• French

Multiple Choice

Why were the French significant in the Revolutionary War?

• They claimed new land during the war
• They provided money, troops and leaders in the war.

• They help Britain take over the colonies
• They were neutral and weren't significant

Multiple Choice

Which of the following people did NOT negotiate the Treaty of Paris?

• John Jay

• George Washington

• John Adams

• Ben Franklin