Lesson 29 Greece

Ancient Greece

Geography & Maps

Ancient Greece

Geography

• 1- Macedonia

• 2- Asia Minor

• 3 - Greece

• 4 - Italy

Multiple Choice

Locate Greece

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Locate Asia Minor

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

After the Peloponnesian wars Greece was conquered by armies from Macedonia. Find Macedonia on the map.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

City-States (POLIS)

Athens and Sparta were two powerful city-states. Polis is the Greek name for city-state. Athens is located #1 on the map. Sparta is located on the Peloponnese Peninsula (#2 on map).

Greece's Terrain

• it limited communication and unity between the different city states

• it caused them to create colonies in the Mediterranean for better farmland

• it limited the amount of arable land

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a way that Greece's terrain affected their development?

• it limited communication and unity between the different city states

• it caused them to create colonies in the Mediterranean for better farmland

• it made them easier to invade

• it limited the amount of arable land they had

Mythology

Importance:

• Greek religion sought to explain natural phenomeno and life events

• Their Gods are often used as important symbols in our culture and business

Multiple Choice

How does Greek Mythology still impact us today?

• Millions of people still worship Greek Gods

• Their stories are the basis for our code of morality and ethics

• their Gods are often used as important symbols in our culture and business

• Their gods became the basis for later religions like Christianity and Islam

Multiple Choice

Greek religion sought mainly to explain

• how to live a moral life (ethics)

• natural phenomena and life events

• The need for education

• the superiority of the Greeks

Social Structure

Athens v Sparta

Types of Government

• Monarchy - rule by King

• Aristocracy - rule by a few

• Oligarchy - rule by a few

• Tyranny - power is seized by one person

• Direct Democracy - citizens vote on decisions the gov't should make

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a DIRECT DEMOCRACY?

• citizens elect people to represent them in government

• citizens vote on decisions or actions the government should take

• The king allows citizens to voice their opinion in public

• citizens elect their king

Multiple Choice

Which form of government features a king who passes rule down to his son?

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Tyranny

• Aristocracy

Athens

Athens Government Order

• 1) Monarchy

• 2) Aristocracy/Oligarchy

• 3) Tyranny

• 4) Direct Democracy

• 
  

Values

They put a heavy emphasis on education, as they wanted their citizens to be informed if they were going to make decisions

Tyrants

There were several rulers of Athens. Two particular tyrants (oppressive rulers) who worked for reform were:  Draco- replaced oral law with written law. Very harsh. Solon- Worked for reform to preserve Athens. Laid the foundations for future democracy by helping to write the first Constitution.

Multiple Choice

The Greek leader Draco is most famous for doing which of the following?

• Granting more rights to the Spartan Women

• Defeating the Persians in the Persian Wars

• establishing a very harsh law code

• Freeing the slaves of Athens

Sparta

Sparta

• Oligarchy

• Rigid Class Structure (where woman had more rights than in Athens)

• Aggressive, Militaristic society

Multiple Choice

All of the following were true about Sparta EXCEPT

• hey valued Militarism and aggression

• They had an Oligarchy and Two Kings in their government

• They created any of Greece's most famous works of literature

• They had a rigid social structure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following BEST describes the role of Women in Sparta?

• They were treated with the same status as slaves and not allowed to go out in public

• due to the fact that men focused so heavily on the military, women had an increased role in managing the day to day affairs of

  property in the city-state

• They had equal status as the men, and fought with them side by side in battle

• They had very little power because it was a military state that focused only on someone's value in battle

The Wars

Persian War

• The Persian naval invasion was defeated by Athens at the Battle of Marathon forcing the Persians to retreat back across the Aegean Sea - despite Persia having more soldiers

• A massive Persian land invasion threatened the Greek city states with many including Athens being destroyed by Persia.  However, the Greeks would work together and eventually destroy the Persian navy at the Battle of Salamis.

• As a result of these victories, Greece was no longer under threat from a Persian invasion and Greek culture was protected. Athens was able to rebuild itself and enter into a GOLDEN AGE.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a contributor to the Greek victory in the Persian Wars?

• unprecedented unity between Sparta and Athens

• the Greeks had more soldiers

• The wars were fought primarily on Greek land and seas

• superior military maneuvers by the Greeks

Multiple Choice

Salamis and Marathon were:

• powerful Greek Gods

• important Greek victories in the Persian Wars

• famous Greek philosophers

• Persian military leaders

Multiple Choice

What event allowed the Greeks to enter a "Golden age"?

• Athens' victory in the Peloponnesian War

• Athens' victory in the Persian Wars

• Sparta's victory in the Peloponnesian War

• Macedonia's conquest of Sparta

The Peloponnesian War

As Athens’ power and influence expanded after the Persian Wars, they formed an alliance with other Greek city states known as the Delian league.  However, Sparta and some other Greek city states believed the Delian league was simply an empire led by Athens and formed their own alliance to counter it known as the Peloponnesian league. Eventually the two sides went to war with each other in a series of conflicts known as the Peloponnesian War.  The war lasted for almost 30 years and while Sparta was eventually victorious, the conflict left all of Greece weakened.  

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was a cause of the Peloponnesian War?

• Athens’ expansion of power caused resentment among other Greek city-states

• Athens' decision to invade Persia

• The Macedonians expanded their power into the Greek mainland

• The Spartans and Athenians joined together to dominate the Greek World

  The Spartans and Athenians joined together to dominate the Greek World

Contributions & Conquests

Contributions

• Drama: Aeschylus & Sophocles

• Poetry: Homer (Wrote Iliad and The Odyssey)

• History: Herodotus & Thucydides

• Science: Archimedes & Hippocrates

• Math: Euclid & Pythagoras

• Philosophers: Plato, Aristotle, Socrates

Multiple Choice

Which of the following people were known for being some of Greece's first accurate historians?

• Hippocrates and Herodotus

• Thucydides and Homer

• Ptolemy and Socrates

• Herodotus and Thucydides

Multiple Choice

Euclid and Pythagoras were BEST known for making contributions to what

• Drama

• Math

• History

• Science

Macedonian Conquest

Just north of Greece was another powerful civilization known as Macedonia. The Macedonia Conquest was successful because Greece was so weak following the Peloponnesian War.

This conquest was led by the powerful King Philip II of Macedon.  However, it would be Philip’s son, Alexander the Great, who would lead a much bigger conquest as led the Macedonian army on a  conquest of the Persian Empire.  This conquest would spread Greek culture to the east and create a new culture known as Hellenistic culture that blended both Greek and Middle Eastern Cultures.

Multiple Choice

This is a picture of Alexanders Empire. What new culture developed as a direct result of the establishment of the empire shown above?

• Corinthian

• Persian

• Hellenistic

• Greco-Roman

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the most significant result of the Macedonian conquest of Greece?

• Macedonian culture fully replaced Greek culture

• Persia was able to reconquer territory lost to the Greeks

• Most Greeks abandoned the mainland and were confined to colonies across the Mediterranean

• Macedonian leaders adopted Greek customs and later helped spread Greek culture to the East.