Zoning

Urban Land Use

by Joselito Ebro

Recap​

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​Lesson Objectives

• What are the characteristics of urban land use?​

• ​Define the following:

  • ​Urban Land Use

  • ​Bid Rent

  • ​Central Business District

  • ​Concentrict Model

  • ​Sector Model

  • ​Suburbs

• ​Start research for the Nansha Project

​Urban Land Use

• A simplified model of the land use (such as industry, housing and commercial activity) that may be found in town and cities.​

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• ​Geographers use "models" to explain how cities work.

​Cities in the 19th and 20th century

Produced a form that is easily recognizable:

• commercial area

• surrounding industrial zone with densely packed housing

• outer zones of suburban expansion and development​

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​Geographers and Models

Every model is a simplification. No city will 'fit' these models perfectly, but here are parts of every model that can be applied to most cities and the developed world.

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​All models are useful because they focus our attention on one or two key factors.

​Central Business Distict

​The parts of a town or city where most of the commercial (economic) activity is found.

​THe value of land or Bid Rent

• ​A model that states that land value and rent decrease as the distance from the central business district increases.

• ​Changes in levels of accessibility due to private transport as opposed to public transportation explain why areas on the edge of town are often now more accessible than inner areas.

​Burgess's Concentric Model (1925)

​Burgess's Concentric Model (1925)

• ​New migrants to a city moved into inner-city areas where housing was cheapest and it was closed to the sources of employment.

​Burgess's Concentric Model (1925)

• ​Over time residents move out of the inner city as they become wealthier, making housing quality and social class increase with distance from the city centre.

​Formation of Suburbs - outer part of an urban area. It has residential housing and shops of low order goods/services, which represents growth. Ultimately, it can lead to urban sprawl. (rapid expansion).

​Burgess's Concentric Model (1925)

​Hoyt's Sector Model (1939)

​Hoyt's Sector Model (1939)

​A model of urban land use in which the various land use zones are shaped like wedges radiating from the central business district.

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​Hoyt's Sector Model (1939)

The model emphasises:

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​- importance of transport routs

​- incompatibility of certain land uses

​- zones develop along important routeways

​- different parts can have buffer zones which separate high-class residential and manufacturing areas

​Hoyt's Sector Model (1939)

​Land Use Zoning in Developing Countries

​Key Characteristics:

​- The rich live close to the city, while the very poor likely to be found on the periphery.

​- Better-quality land is occupied by the wealthy.

​- Segregation by wealth, race and ethnicity is evident.

​- Manufacturing is scattered throughout the city.

​Nansha Project | Research Day