TEXT STRUCTURE

Multiple Choice

So, the first is 'chronological.' What comes to mind when you hear this word?

• Order of events in time.
• A historical timeline
• A type of music genre
• A method of storytelling

Multiple Choice

What do you understand by cause and effect?

• Cause is the reason something happens, and effect is the result of that cause.
• Cause and effect means doing two things at the same time without any connection between them.

Multiple Choice

Which one of these is comparing and contrasting?

• The volcano erupted suddenly, causing the villagers to flee for safety.

• Although both lions and tigers are big cats, lions live in groups while tigers prefer to live alone.

• If you forget to water the plant, it will start to wilt.

• The cake baked for 30 minutes and then was decorated with icing.

Multiple Choice

Which of the options is a good definition of problem and solution?

• Both cats and dogs make great pets, but cats are more independent.

• The roads were flooded after the heavy rainfall.

• The school playground was too muddy for students to play, so the school added more sand to improve drainage.

• The sun set, and the stars began to appear in the sky.

Fill in the Blanks

On Monday morning, Sarah woke up early to get ready for school. By 7:30 a.m., she had eaten breakfast and packed her bag. At 8:00 a.m., she boarded the school bus. During the day, she attended her classes, played during lunch break, and finished her homework before going home at 4:00 p.m.

Is this sequence or chronological?

Fill in the Blanks

To make a cup of tea, start by boiling water in a kettle. Next, place a tea bag in a cup. Then, pour the hot water into the cup and let it steep for a few minutes. After that, remove the tea bag and add sugar or milk if desired. Finally, stir the tea and enjoy.

I think this is chronological; what do you think, Neriah?

Multiple Choice

Ice-cream is a delicious frozen treat that comes in a many different colors and flavors. Two of my favorite flavors are strawberry and chocolate. Though both of these flavors are delicious, strawberry may contain pieces of fruit while chocolate usually will not. Chocolate comes from a cacao bean, while strawberry is picked as a fruit.  Even though more chocolate ice-cream is sold across the country annually than strawberry, each flavor tastes great inside of a milk shake. 

• description
• problem & solution
• cause & effect
• compare & contrast

Multiple Choice

What text structure explains why something happened or explains the effects of something?

• Compare or Contrast
• Problem or Solution
• Cause or Effect
• Sequence

Multiple Choice

When you are finding similarities and differences within in a text, what text structure is this format?

• Cause and Effect
• Problem and Solution
• Sequence
• Compare and Contrast

Multiple Choice

The text structure that describes the order steps occurred is called_______.

• Cause and Effect
• Sequence
• Compare and Contrast
• Problem and Siolution

Multiple Choice

Ray forgot to charge his iPad. As a result, his iPad was dead the next day. 
What is the Cause? What is the Effect? 

• Cause: Ray's iPad was dead.
  Effect: Ray forgot to charge his iPad.
• Cause: Ray forgot to charge his iPad.
  Effect: Ray's iPad was dead.

Multiple Choice

 Most people have had red pizza, or pizza covered with red sauce, but have you ever had white pizza?  White pizza is made in almost the same way as red pizza: the dough rises and is rolled out, toppings are applied, and it is cooked in an oven—but the key difference is that white pizza does not have any tomato sauce on it.  Instead, a white pizza may have olive oil or no sauce at all.  I like white pizza more than red pizza because you can really taste the ingredients.  Adding some fresh tomatoes to a white pizza will give it that tomato flavor without the completely overwhelming taste of the red sauce that covers most pizzas.  If you have not had a white pizza, I recommend that you order or make one today.

• Compare/Contrast
• Sequence
• Descriptive
• Problem/Solution

Multiple Choice

The foundation of every pizza is the crust, and good crust comes from good dough.  You might be surprised to learn that pizza dough is made from nothing more than flour, water, yeast, olive oil, salt, and sometimes sugar.  Start by adding your yeast packet to a cup of warm water.  Let the yeast activate, and then add two cups of flour, two tablespoons of olive oil, two teaspoons of sugar, and a teaspoon of salt.  Mix all of that together and wait half an hour for the dough to rise.  Now you’re ready to roll it out!

• Problem/Solution
• Descriptive
• Sequence
• Cause/Effect

Multiple Choice

Cooking the perfect pizza at home can be quite a challenge.  You may find that it’s difficult to get your oven to the right temperature.  If the oven is too hot the crust will burn, become hard, and taste bad.  If your oven isn’t hot enough, the crust may get soggy.  Even at the perfect temperature, extra moisture from your ingredients may prevent the bottom of the crust from fully cooking, but don’t let oven temperature stop you from building the pizza of your dreams.  Get yourself a pizza stone.  A pizza stone will get very hot when preheated and will allow your crust to fully cook without burning it.  Then you can pile the ingredients on your pizza and have a crispy crust that isn’t burned.  That’s the way to go.

• Descriptive
• Problem/Solution
• Cause/Effect
• Sequence

Multiple Choice

Pizza is often viewed as a junk food, and it is true that some pizzas are high in salt, fat, and calories, but there may also be some benefit to eating pizza.  Some studies have found that lycopene, an antioxidant that exists in tomato products that are often used in pizza, may prevent some forms of cancer.  Dr. Silvano Gallus, of the Mario Negri Institute for Pharmaceutical Research in Milan, studied the eating habits of people who developed cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and colon.  He concluded that people who ate pizza at least once a week had significantly less chance of developing these cancers.  Here’s to your health.

• Cause/Effect
• Problem/Solution
• Sequence
• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

 If you ask me, the perfect pizza has a thin crust, but not too thin.  Even though I’m from Chicago, I prefer the New York style crust.  Your perfect pizza might have tomato sauce on it, but mine has pesto on top of the crust.  On the pesto I’d like to see lots of cheese: a full layer of shredded mozzarella and Romano cheese, and on top of the shredded mozzarella, I’d like to see some slices of fresh mozzarella.  Now you might think I’m crazy for this one, but I’d really like to see some goat cheese in the crust.  To top it all off, I’d like to see it polka-dotted with pepperoni slices.  Now that’s what I call a pizza pie.     

• Sequence
• Problem/Solution
• Cause/Effect
• Descriptive

Multiple Choice

You’d think that making a frozen pizza would be as easy as rolling out some dough, dropping some ingredients on it, and freezing it, but it’s actually a lot more complicated than that.  Some of the challenges in creating a good frozen pizza include the sauce combining with the dough and the crust becoming rigid after it is frozen and reheated.  To prevent the sauce from combining with the crust, you can use a layer of modified cornstarch as a moisture barrier between the sauce and the crust.  This will prevent the crust from absorbing the sauce.  Additionally, partially baking the dough and other ingredients will keep the dough from becoming too rigid after it is frozen and reheated.  On second thought, you’re probably better off not trying this at home.

• Problem/Solution
• Cause/Effect
• Descriptive
• Sequence

Multiple Choice

Jimmy’s pizzeria is my favorite pizza place in the city, but you wouldn’t be able to tell that just by looking at the outside.  It is an inconspicuous brown brick building.   It doesn’t even have a sign, just the name of the establishment in three-inch letters on the storefront window.  The inside isn’t much to speak of either.  There are some chrome swivel stools along a laminate countertop that makes an L shape, separating the register and kitchen area from the dining area.  Booth seating lines the eating area of the restaurant area and a few favorable reviews from local publications are framed and displayed on the walls.  Yeah, the aesthetics of the place are a little underwhelming, but forget the scenery.  I go to Jimmy’s for the pizza.

• Descriptive
• Sequence
• Problem/Solution
• Compare/Contrast

Multiple Choice

Getting a free pizza from Mortini’s Pizza Parlor is as easy as pie, pizza pie.  You’ll see.  Start by placing your order.  I suggest that you choose a white, New York style pizza with lots of cheese, but you can get whatever floats your boat.  After placing your order, wait until your pizza comes.  It may take thirty minutes to an hour (longer on Super Bowl Sunday).  When your pizza finally arrives, pay your deliver driver.  Don’t forget to tip.  Then, eat your pizza, or just throw it away.  We’re fine with either.  But before you throw it away, grab the coupon off the top of the box and save it in a drawer.   Collect ten of these coupons and the next time you place your order from Mortini’s Pizza Parlor, you can redeem them for a free pizza.  Now you see, getting a free pizza from Mortini’s is as easy as eating pizza.

• Problem/Solution
• Cause/Effect
• Descriptive
• Sequence

Multiple Choice

Ice-cream is a delicious frozen treat that comes in a many different colors and flavors. Two of my favorite flavors are strawberry and chocolate. Though both of these flavors are delicious, strawberry may contain pieces of fruit while chocolate usually will not. Chocolate comes from a cacao bean, while strawberry is picked as a fruit.  Even though more chocolate ice-cream is sold across the country annually than strawberry, each flavor tastes great inside of a milk shake. 

• description
• problem & solution
• cause & effect
• compare & contrast

Multiple Choice

The text structure that describes the order steps occurred is called_______.

• Cause and Effect
• Sequence
• Compare and Contrast
• Problem and Siolution

Multiple Choice

Which type of text structure is the following written in?

On that fateful day on April 11, 1912, the Titanic began its journey across the Atlantic. Its destination was New York City, but it would never make it there. By April 14, the Titanic had received seven warnings of icebergs, but those warnings never make it to the bridge. At 11:40 p.m. that same day, a ship lookout spotted an iceberg directly in the path of the ship.

• Cause and effect

• Compare and contrast

• Chronological order

• Description

• Problem and solution

Multiple Choice

Which type of text structure is the following written in?

Did you know that an armadillo is really a mammal? Armadillos are the only mammals with hard shells. The hard shells, or bony plates, cover their backs, heads, legs, and tails. Their hard shells even helped name them. The word armadillo means, "little armored one" in Spanish.

• Cause and effect

• Compare and contrast

• Chronological order

• Description

• Problem and solution

Multiple Choice

Which text feature matches the graphic organizer?

• Problem and solution

• Cause and effect

• Description

• Compare and contrast

• Chronological order

Multiple Choice

Which text feature matches the graphic organizer?

• Problem and solution

• Cause and effect

• Description

• Compare and contrast

• Chronological order

Multiple Choice

Which text feature matches the graphic organizer?

• Problem and solution

• Cause and effect

• Description

• Compare and contrast

• Chronological order