Quiz 5 QUICK REFRESH

QUIZ 5 Review
NR 328 May 2025

Professor Manavi

Multiple Choice

The nurse is planning activities for a group of children in a pediatric outpatient clinic. Which of the following activities would be most developmentally appropriate for a 5-year-old child?

• Sorting shapes and stacking blocks

• Playing a board game that involves taking turns

• Watching cartoons on a tablet

• Squeezing Play-Doh

Multiple Select

A nurse is caring for a client who has a long leg cast. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as signs of compartment syndrome?
(Select all that apply)

• Pallor of the toes

• Pain that increases despite anaglesia

• Bounding pedal pulse

• Paresthesia in the foot

• Coolness in the extremity

Multiple Select

A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant who is later diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as abnormal and possibly indicative of cerebral palsy?
(Select all that apply)

• Inability to sit without support

• Head lag when pulled to a sitting position

• Moro reflex absent

• Stiff or rigid arms and legs

• Reaching for toys with both hands

NCLEX TIP!

Early signs of cerebral palsy in infants may include:

• Delayed motor milestones (e.g., sitting, rolling)

• Poor head control

• Persistent primitive reflexes (like tonic neck)

• Muscle tone abnormalities (spasticity or floppiness)

• Asymmetrical use of limbs

Multiple Select

A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a newborn diagnosed with Down syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
(Select all that apply)

• Simian crease on the palm

• Low-set ears

• Macrocephaly

• Protruding tongue

• Hypotonia

Multiple Choice

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child diagnosed with acute osteomyelitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?

• Administer prescribed antibiotics intravenously

• Provide antipyretic therapy to reduce fever

• Increase the child's protein intake

• Teach relaxation techniques to reduce pain

Additional Nursing Considerations: Osteomyelitis

• Antibiotic Therapy: Intravenous antibiotics are typically administered initially, often for 4–6 weeks, depending on the severity and response to treatment.

• Surgical Intervention: In some cases, surgical debridement may be necessary to remove infected tissue and improve antibiotic penetration.

• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of vital signs, pain levels, and laboratory values (e.g., CRP, ESR) is essential to assess the effectiveness of treatment and detect any complications early.

Multiple Choice

A nurse is providing education to the parents of a 4-year-old child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following statements by the parents indicates a need for further teaching regarding the etiology of ASD?

• Autism is a rare disorder. Our other children shouldn't be affected."

• "The specific cause of autism is unknown. However, it is known to be associated with problems in the structure of and chemicals in the brain."

• "Sometimes lack of prenatal care can be the cause of autism."

• "Although autism is genetically inherited, if we didn't have testing, we couldn't have known this would happen."

Autism

• Genetic and Environmental Factors:
  ASD is believed to result from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences.

• Early Intervention:
  Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve developmental outcomes for children with ASD.​

• Support Resources:
  Connecting with support groups and resources can assist families in managing daily challenges and accessing services.

Multiple Choice

A school nurse is conducting a scoliosis screening for a group of adolescents. Which position should the nurse instruct the students to assume during the screening?

• Standing upright with arms at the sides

• Sitting in a chair with legs crossed

• Bending forward at the waist with arms hanging down

• Lying flat on their back with legs extended

Scoliosis

• Screening Method: the Adam's Forward Bend Test is widely used for scoliosis screening in adolescents. The nurse observes the child from behind while they bend forward at the waist, allowing for the detection of any spinal deformities.

• Follow-up Actions: If asymmetry or curvature is detected, further evaluation with imaging studies, such as X-rays, may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and assess the degree of curvature.

Multiple Choice

A nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who has just had a cast applied to their fractured arm. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform first?

• Check the child's vital signs

• Assess the color, temperature, and capillary refill of the fingers

• Administer prescribed pain medication

• Provide the child with information on cast care

Neurovascular Assessment

• Neurovascular Assessment: Regular monitoring should include checking for signs of impaired circulation or nerve compression, such as:​ Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis, & Poikilothermia​

• Documentation: Record all assessments and any interventions performed, including pain management and patient education.