Unit 11 NOTES - Polar-Ecosystems-The-Arctic-and-Antarctic (1)

Multiple Choice

What are the two main seasons in the Antarctic?

• Winter and Spring

• Summer and Autumn

• Winter and Summer

• Spring and Summer

Multiple Choice

The Antarctic experiences 24-hour ___ during summer.

• daylight
• nightfall

• Sun down

• None of these answers are correct

Multiple Choice

How does Earth's tilt affect the seasons in the Antarctic?

• It causes the Antarctic to experience warm summers and cool winters, similar to tropical regions.

• It causes the Antarctic to receive 24 hours of sunlight during winter and total darkness during summer.

• It causes the Antarctic to have longer fall and spring seasons compared to the Arctic.

• It causes the Antarctic to experience 24 hours of sunlight during summer and 24 hours of darkness during winter.

Multiple Choice

What phenomenon occurs in Antarctica during summer when there is constant daylight?

• Antarctic Night

• Antarctic Day

• Polar Night

• Midnight Sun

Multiple Choice

Describe the conditions in Antarctica during winter.

• Antarctica experiences mild temperatures and short periods of sunlight each day.

• Antarctica has continuous daylight and higher ocean activity during winter.

• Antarctica experiences 24 hours of darkness, extreme cold, and limited biological activity.

• Antarctica has the same daylight and temperature patterns as the Arctic during winter.

Fill in the Blank

Sea ice forms from freezing ___.

Multiple Choice

During which months does sea ice reach its maximum extent in Antarctica?

• March

• April-August

• September

• October-February

Multiple Choice

What is albedo and why is it important in measuring the sun's energy?

• Albedo is a measure of ocean depth and helps determine how much heat the ocean stores.

• Albedo measures air temperature in polar regions and is used to track seasonal changes.

• Albedo is the amount of sunlight reflected off a surface, which affects how much heat is absorbed by Earth

• Albedo is the brightness of the sky, which influences animal migration in the polar regions.

Multiple Choice

What percentage of incoming sunlight is absorbed by the ocean, and what effect does this have on ice and water?

• 93%, leading to more ice

• 93%, leading to less ice

• 7%, leading to more ice

• 7%, leading to less ice

Multiple Choice

What does an albedo value of 1 indicate about a surface?

• The surface absorbs all incoming energy.

• The surface reflects all incoming energy.

• The surface absorbs half and reflects half of the energy.

• The surface has no interaction with energy.

Multiple Choice

Explain how the albedo effect influences the Earth's climate.

• The albedo effect controls wind speeds, which determine the movement of polar animals.

• The albedo effect influences how much solar energy is reflected or absorbed, affecting Earth's temperature

• The albedo effect increases ocean salinity, which cools the Earth's surface.

• The albedo effect blocks ultraviolet rays, helping the ozone layer grow in polar regions.

Multiple Choice

Describe the difference in albedo between sea ice and ocean surfaces.

• Sea ice has a lower albedo than ocean surfaces, so it absorbs more heat.

• Sea ice has a higher albedo than ocean surfaces, so it reflects more sunlight and keeps the Earth cooler.

• Ocean surfaces and sea ice have the same albedo, so they affect Earth's temperature equally.

• Ocean surfaces have a higher albedo than sea ice, making them better at reflecting sunlight.

Multiple Choice

Which surface type has the highest albedo value according to the images?

• Sea Ice

• Ocean

• Snow-covered Ice

• Bare Ice

Multiple Choice

What are the main phases of the annual sea ice cycle?

• Winter Build-up, Summer Melting, Minimum Extent

• Spring Growth, Autumn Decline, Maximum Extent

• Winter Growth, Summer Decline, Autumn Minimum

• Summer Build-up, Winter Melting, Maximum Extent

Fill in the Blank

Sea ice levels peak around ___ each year.

Multiple Choice

How does the porosity of sea ice support microbial habitats?

• Porous sea ice allows sunlight to be completely blocked, keeping microbes frozen.

• The porosity of sea ice prevents oxygen from entering, creating safe zones for microbes.

• Tiny pockets in porous sea ice trap water, nutrients, and gases that support bacteria, viruses, and algae.

• Porous sea ice releases salt and minerals that melt microbial organisms during the summer.

Multiple Choice

What is the impact of warming and cooling cycles on sea ice porosity?

• Decrease porosity

• Increase porosity

• No effect

• Melts the ice

Fill in the Blank

The decline in Arctic sea ice is a key sign of global ___ change.

Multiple Choice

How does the annual sea ice trend differ between the Arctic and Antarctic over the past 30 years?

• Both are decreasing

• Both are increasing

• Arctic is decreasing, Antarctic is increasing

• Arctic is increasing, Antarctic is decreasing

Multiple Select

Which factors contribute to the growth of Antarctic sea ice?

• Wind patterns

• Meltwater influence

• Precipitation changes

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

During which months does the Antarctic experience summer?

• March to October

• October to March

• June to September

• December to February

Match

Match each Earth position with its effect on Antarctic seasons.

• Tilted toward the sun

• Tilted away from the sun 

• During the mid-summer solstice

24 hours of daylight, mild temperatures

24 hours of darkness, extreme cold

Short days and long nights with freezing temperatures

• 24 hours of daylight, mild temperatures

• 24 hours of darkness, extreme cold

• Short days and long nights with freezing temperatures

Multiple Select

What are the two seasons experienced in the Antarctic?

• Winter

• spring

• Summer

• Autumn