Overview of European Economic Integration

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European Economic Integration

By Humanities YHKCC

Overview of the Economic Integration

Reorder

Reorder the Timeline of European Economic Integration of Western Europe

• Benelux

• OEEC

• ECSC ; EEC

• EFTA

• EC

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Select

Which of the following are correct about Benelux

• Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

• France, West Germany, Belgium,

• France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Italy

• to promote the free movement of goods, capital, and people.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are correct about ECSC

• Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

• France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Italy

• Formed to remove restrictions on trade in coal, iron, and steel

• Aimed to abolish tariffs and promote the movement of goods, capital, and labor among members.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are correct about EEC

• Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

• France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Italy

• Formed to remove restrictions on trade in coal, iron, and steel

• Aimed to abolish tariffs and promote the movement of goods, capital, and labor among members.

Categorize

Options (7)

Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

to promote the free movement of goods, capital, and people.

Formed to allocate the economic aid of $13 billion from the Marshall Plan

France, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Italy

Formed to remove restrictions on trade in coal, iron, and steel.

Aimed to abolish tariffs and promote the movement of goods, capital, and labor among members.

by Inner Six

Organize these options into the right categories

Benelux

OEEC

ECSC

EEC

Multiple Choice

Only Western Europe europe have the Economic Integration

• True

• False

​Economic Integration in Eastern Europe

• ​COMECON
  Period of Stalin
  period of Khrushchev
  period of Leonid Brezhnev
  Period Gorbachev

Drag and Drop

European Union (EU) Formed after the members of the EC signed the ​

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in 1992. Original members included Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Britain, Denmark, Ireland, Greece, Spain, and Portugal.



Introduced to fully remove ​ ​

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and establish a ​

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.

and

A single ​

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, the ​

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, was introduced to replace the currencies of 11 member states. Some countries, like Britain and Denmark, did not adopt it.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Maastricht Treaty

tariffs

common external tariff

Euro

currency

Lisbon Agreement

​Key point 1 : Causes of European Economic Integration

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Reason 1 : Post-War Economic Destruction

The Second World War caused severe ​

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in European countries. Most infrastructure and transportation systems were devastated. For example, industrial production in France in 1945 was only​

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of what it had been in 1938, while Germany's production was only​

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Britain, a former global leader, also suffered significantly; by the end of the war, its national debt had risen to ​

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averaging​

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per person.

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Reason 2: Loss of Foreign Markets

Industrial production dramatically decreased due to the loss of ​

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during the war. The post-war ​

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further hindered industrial output as European powers lost their large colonial markets. To expedite economic recovery, European leaders conceived the idea of ​

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. For instance, Churchill proposed the concept of a "​

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" to encourage military and economic cooperation. Additionally, the Inner Six established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952.

Open Ended

What is the reason 1 and reason 2 related to Post-War Economic situation Causes the European Economic Integration

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Reason 3: Political: Preserving European Peace

Following the horrific experiences of WWII, European countries were ​

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of another large-scale conflict. They believed that economic integration could​

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and prevent conflicts, particularly between France and Germany. Robert Schuman, the French Foreign Minister, asserted that the ECSC's goal was to "make war not only ​

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but materially ​

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." By sharing economic interests, the Inner Six aimed to ​

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relations and reduce the likelihood of war.

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Reason 4:

Political: Impact of the Cold War

The war led to the rise of the ​

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, resulting in ideological confrontations that sparked the ​ Cold War in 1946. Coexistence was deemed impossible as both superpowers sought to Promote their ideologies globally. In this context, the US introduced the ​

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in 1947, providing $13 billion in financial aid to Western Europe and establishing the Organization for ​

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in 1948. This initiative facilitated trade and served as a model for European economic integration. Conversely, the USSR created the ​

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and ​

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to support Eastern Europe, further complicating the integration landscape.

Open Ended

What is reason 3 and reason 4 related to the political situation after WWII Causes the European Economic Integration

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Lastly: Diplomatic: Enhancing International Status

Post-war destruction led to the​

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like Britain and France, which could no longer maintain ​

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. This decline prompted European countries to form economic organizations to consolidate power and enhance their international status. For instance, France viewed the ​

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as a means to revive its influence in the 1960s. Britain, concerned about isolation, joined the ​

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in 1973, and the European Union (1993) established ​

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diplomatic policies to unify European foreign relations.

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Benelux

• OEEC

• ECSC ; EEC

• EFTA

• EC

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

​​Key point 2 :Causes of Expansion of European Integration

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Why expaned ?

Reason 1: Economic: Effectiveness of European Integration

The economic benefits of integration encouraged ​

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. Britain, Denmark, and Ireland joined the ​

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in 1973, motivated by the successes of the EC. The ​

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in Eastern Europe post-WWII also contributed to this trend, with ​

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facilitating trade among its members.

Dropdown

Political: Mutual Concessions of Britain and France

Initially hesitant to join the EEC due to concerns about ​

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, Britain formed the ​

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in 1960. However, the EFTA's ​

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prompted Britain to ​

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for EEC membership in the 1960s, facing rejection from French President Charles De Gaulle. Eventually, under President Georges Pompidou, Britain was welcomed into the EC in ​

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, leading to further economic integration.

Dropdown

Lastly:

Political: End of the Cold War

The end of the Cold War facilitated cooperation between ​

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Europe, paving the way for Eastern European countries to join the​

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. The ​

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of these nations and the ​

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allowed countries like Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary to join in ​

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.

Open Ended

Causes of Expansion of European Integration

Key Point 3:
Rule of US and USSR

Role of US

Replace this with a sub-header that can be in multiple lines. ​

Multiple Select

Which of the following of US are correct ?

• Trade within COMECON grew significantly, from RUB 3 billion in 1950 to RUB 23 billion in 1964, reaching RUB 36 billion by 1971.

• COMECON introduced the concept of a single economic entity in 1962 to promote integration further.

• A resolution passed in 1971 mandated that member states achieve integration in stages over 15 to 20 years, covering production, technology, foreign trade, and currency.

• Soviet leader Stalin shifted COMECON's focus from industrial collaboration to technological cooperation. like computer technology, atomic energy, and biotechnology. in 1980s

• the USSR introduced the Molotov Plan to provide financial aid to Eastern Europe, aiming to counter the Marshall Plan and expand its influence.

Word Cloud

What kind of Role ( er ) do you think US have ?

US have done the following including :

introduced the Marshall Plan in 1947 to provide economic aid

The plan lasted for four financial periods and totaled USD 13 billion.

The US also formed the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC) with Western European nations to manage the distribution of this aid.

Word Cloud

What kind of Role ( er ) do you think US have ?

when The US also signed the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947,

also The Marshall Plan required recipient nations to import a specified amount of American products, leading to significant exports of items like Boeing aircraft, IBM equipment, and General Electric household products to Western Europe.

Multiple Select

Which of the following of US are correct ?

• the UN established major economic organizations like the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank to provide financial assistance. For instance, the World Bank loaned USD 25 million to France.

• OEEC in 1948,offering valuable experience for future integrations like the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952.

• The OEEC and the Marshall Plan significantly contributed to Western Europe's post-war recovery,

  Member industrial production in 1952 exceeding 40% of pre-WWII levels.

• The OEEC and the Marshall Plan significantly contributed to Western Europe's post-war recovery,

  Doubling of trade among member states within six years.

• The OEEC and the Marshall Plan significantly contributed to Western Europe's post-war recovery,

  Reduction of German unemployment from 10% in 1950 to 1.8% in 1960.

Word Cloud

What kind of Role ( er ) do you think US have ?

when The US played a crucial role in establishing the OEEC in 1948, which offering valuable experience for future integrations like the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952.

Role of USSR

Replace this with a sub-header that can be in multiple lines. ​

Multiple Select

Which of the following of USSR are correct ?

• the USSR introduced the Molotov Plan to provide financial aid to Eastern Europe,

• e USSR established COMECON to enhance economic cooperation with Eastern Europe and improve internal trade. T

• Trade within COMECON grew significantly, from RUB 3 billion in 1950 to RUB 23 billion in 1964, reaching RUB 36 billion by 1971.

• COMECON introduced the concept of a single economic entity in 1962 to promote integration further.

• The International Bank for Economic Cooperation was established in 1964 to provide financial assistance for integration efforts.

Word Cloud

What kind of role of USSR

when the USSR introduced the Molotov Plan to provide financial aid to Eastern Europe,

and

The USSR supplied raw materials to Eastern Europe for production in the post-war period. In return, Eastern European countries exported low-cost industrial products to the Soviet Union,

Word Cloud

What kind of role of USSR when

1.the USSR established COMECON

to enhance economic cooperation with Eastern Europe

2.COMECON introduced the concept of a single economic entity in 1962 to promote integration further.

3.A resolution passed in 1971 mandated that member states achieve integration in stages over 15 to 20 years, covering production, technology, foreign trade, and currency.

4.The International Bank for Economic Cooperation was established in 1964 to provide financial assistance for integration efforts.

Multiple Select

Which of the following of US are correct ?

• the UN established major economic organizations like the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and the World Bank to provide financial assistance. For instance, the World Bank loaned USD 25 million to France.

• OEEC in 1948,offering valuable experience for future integrations like the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952.

• The OEEC and the Marshall Plan significantly contributed to Western Europe's post-war recovery,

  Member industrial production in 1952 exceeding 40% of pre-WWII levels.

• The OEEC and the Marshall Plan significantly contributed to Western Europe's post-war recovery,

  Doubling of trade among member states within six years.

• A resolution passed in 1985 emphasized the need for tighter cooperation in areas like computer technology, atomic energy, and biotechnology.

Word Cloud

Lastly, what USSR also have the role when ...

1.The USSR operated under a planned economy model within COMECON,

2.A 1971 resolution outlined a phased approach for achieving deeper integration across various sectors.

3.Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev shifted COMECON's focus from industrial collaboration to technological cooperation.

4.A resolution passed in 1985 emphasized the need for tighter cooperation in areas like computer technology, atomic energy, and biotechnology.