Week 7: Altered Cellular Regulation

Open Ended

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pneumonia and a prescription for cefpodoxime 5 mg/kg PO every 12 hr for 5 days. The client weighs 88 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (If needed, round the answer to the nearest whole number.)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a key difference between adult and pediatric cancers?

• Adult cancers are more responsive to treatment than pediatric cancers.

• Pediatric cancers are often linked to environmental and lifestyle factors.

• Adult cancers usually affect organs, while pediatric cancers usually affect tissues.

• Pediatric cancers mostly arise from epithelial cells.

Open Ended

List and explain at least three cardinal signs of cancer in children.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children?

• Abnormal lymphoblasts that are fragile and immature

• Bone marrow unable to maintain normal RBCs

• Overall cure rate is 80%

• Most common in adults

Multiple Choice

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is most common in children of what age group?

• Birth to 2 years

• 2-5 years

• 6-10 years

• 11-15 years

Open Ended

Based on the cartoon, what are some common symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children, and how do these relate to the underlying disease process?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the most common type of solid tumor in children?

• Brain tumor

• Bone tumor

• Neuroblastoma

• Lymphoma

Multiple Select

Which of the following are symptoms of brain tumors in children?

• Headache worse in the morning

• Vomiting worse in the morning

• Clumsiness

• Swelling in the affected area

Open Ended

Explain how the prognosis of brain tumors in children is determined and why location and extent are important factors.

Multiple Choice

Which type of lymphoma is more common in young children?

• Hodgkin's lymphoma

• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

• Bone lymphoma

• Neuroblastoma

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of bone tumors in adolescents?

• Unexplained pain

• Swelling in the affected area

• Lump in the abdomen

• A limp may be evident

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about osteosarcoma is correct?

• It is more common in short bones.

• Radical amputation is never necessary.

• Survival rate is 75% if there is no metastasis.

• Chemotherapy is not used in treatment.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are treatments for Ewing Sarcoma?

• Radiation

• Chemotherapy

• Surgery

• Immunotherapy

Multiple Choice

A child presents with abdominal distension and a renal mass. What is the most likely diagnosis?

• Wilms Tumor

• Osteosarcoma

• Retinoblastoma

• Rhabdomyosarcoma

Open Ended

Describe the clinical features and treatment options for retinoblastoma.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a recommended safety measure when administering chemotherapy?

• Using double gloves and nonpermeable gowns

• Preparation by specially trained personnel

• Disposing of equipment in regular trash bins

• Wearing a face shield

Multiple Select

Which of the following are adverse effects specifically associated with chemotherapy?

• Immunosuppression

• Fatigue

• Alopecia

• Alterations in skin integrity

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of both chemotherapy and radiation therapy?

• Alopecia

• Constipation

• Oral mucositis

• Alterations in skin integrity

Open Ended

Explain the purpose and function of a Port A Cath in patient care.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a recommended infection prevention strategy for immunocompromised patients?

• Meticulous hand hygiene

• Wearing a mask in public

• Receiving live vaccines

• Prompt treatment with antibiotics for fever

Multiple Select

Which foods are allowed on a neutropenic diet?

• Cooked vegetables

• Fresh fruit

• Canned fruits

• Unpasteurized dairy products