Honors US2 Final Exam Review 2025

Fill in the Blank

The Cold War was an ideological struggle between capitalism & democracy versus _____.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was a primary reason for the formation of the Warsaw Pact in 1953?

• To promote economic cooperation in Eastern Europe

• To formalize Soviet influence over Eastern European countries

• To create a defensive alliance against the United States

• To expand democracy and capitalism

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the main goal of the US policy of containment during the Cold War?

• To prevent communism from spreading to other countries

• To promote democracy in Western Europe

• To rebuild the economies of war-torn countries

• To establish military alliances with Asian nations

Multiple Select

Which of the following is NOT an example of détente during the 1970s?

• Nixon’s visits to Moscow & China

• The construction of the Berlin Wall

• SALT I arms limitation treaty

• Helsinki Accords

Multiple Choice

In which war was Domino Theory most influential in shaping US policy?

• War on Terror

• WWII

• Vietnam War

• Persian Gulf War

Open Ended

How did the Berlin Airlift and the construction of the Berlin Wall reflect the broader tensions of the Cold War?

Fill in the Blank

The failed US-backed invasion of Cuba in 1961 was known as the Bay of ___ Invasion.

Multiple Choice

The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 best illustrates which impact of nuclear weapons on international relations?

• Effects of decolonization

• Inevitability of nuclear war

• Role of diplomacy in avoiding nuclear war

• Failures of alliance structures like NATO and Warsaw Pact

Multiple Choice

What enabled the escalation of US involvement in the Vietnam War under President Lyndon B. Johnson?

• The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

• The fall of Saigon

• The Geneva Accords

• The Cuban Missile Crisis

Multiple Choice

Which president was in office when the most American troops were being sent to fight in Vietnam?

• JFK

• LBJ

• Nixon

• Reagan

Multiple Choice

Which president oversaw Vietnamization, gradually withdrawing American troops from Vietnam?

• JFK

• LBJ

• Nixon

• Ford

Multiple Choice

How was US President Johnson’s handling of the Vietnam War different than JFK’s?

• JFK directly authorized the assault on North Vietnamese military targets while Johnson attempted de-escalation of the war

• JFK considered ending US involvement in Vietnam whereas Johnson escalated it

• Johnson ordered the assassination of Diem in South Vietnam while JFK supported him

• Johnson considered using nuclear weapons in Vietnam whereas JFK was staunchly opposed to nuclear escalation

Multiple Choice

In Latin America, Africa, and the Middle East, the U.S. often intervened in political affairs during independence or reform movements in order to

• promote economic & agrarian reform

• protect business interests & contain communism

• assist European powers in recolonizing the region

• spread religious and cultural values

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a factor in the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s?

• Nationalist groups wanted more freedom from Soviet domination

• Economic and social conditions were improving rapidly

• Public no longer felt communism was 'worth it'

• Eastern European nations withdrew from the Warsaw Pact

Multiple Choice

Which of the following policies (2) were enacted by Mikhail Gorbachev and are considered factors that contributed to the dissolution of the Soviet Union?

• Perestroika

• Glasnost

• Detente

• Domino Theory

Match

Match the following

• Litigation

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Sit-Ins

• Civil disobedience

• Boycott

challenge unfair law in court

segregated public schools violate 14A

Example of protest demonstration

Duty to break unjust laws

Challenge segregation w/loss of $$$$

• challenge unfair law in court

• segregated public schools violate 14A

• Example of protest demonstration

• Duty to break unjust laws

• Challenge segregation w/loss of $$$$

Multiple Select

Which of the following were advocated by Martin Luther King, Jr. during the Civil Rights Movement?

• Civil disobedience

• Nonviolence

• Black nationalism

• Black power

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes a key difference in the early philosophies of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X?

• King supported violent protest, while Malcolm X favored nonviolence.

• King promoted integration, while Malcolm X initially promoted Black separatism.

• Malcolm X worked closely with the federal government, while King rejected it.

• King emphasized economic justice, while Malcolm X did not address economic issues.

Fill in the Blank

The Civil Rights Act of ___ prohibits discrimination in public places on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, and religion.

Multiple Choice

How did the economic strategies of civil rights activists reflect a broader tactic in the movement?

• By encouraging violent retaliation to gain national sympathy

• By working through government agencies alone

• By using consumer power to create financial consequences for discrimination

• By relying exclusively on court rulings for change

Multiple Choice

What law prohibits sex-based discrimination in public education?

• Civil Rights Act of 1964

• Title IX

• Voting Rights Act of 1965

• Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following served as the basis of abortion laws in the US from 1973 to 2022?

• Title IX

• Roe v. Wade

• Browder v. Gayle

• Civil Rights Act

Multiple Choice

Which program from LBJ’s Great Society was designed to provide preschool education for low-income children?

• Medicare

• Medicaid

• Head Start

• Job Corps

Multiple Select

Which of these programs (2) were part of the Great Society's efforts to reduce poverty by reducing out-of-pocket costs of healthcare?

• Medicare

• Medicaid

• Head Start

• Economic Opportunity Act

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a major aspect of the counterculture movement in the mid-20th century United States?

• Support for anti-war activism

• Advocacy for environmentalism

• Promotion of consumerism

• Support for LGBTQ+ rights

Fill in the Blank

The economic policies known as ___ were implemented in the 1980s.

Multiple Select

Which of the following was NOT a criticism of Reaganomics?

• Tax cuts benefited the wealthy more than the poor

• Increased military spending raised deficit spending

• Lowered inflation

• Tripled the national debt by 1990

Multiple Choice

Reaganomics was informed by what political ideology?

• Liberalism

• Libertarianism

• Conservatism

• Marxism

Multiple Choice

Why was the election of 2000 so notable?

• The voter turnout rate increased dramatically due to the Voting Rights Act

• The Supreme Court had to declare the winner

• Bush won the electoral vote & presidency, but Gore won the popular vote

• A third party candidate won many electoral votes

Multiple Select

What were the 2 charges against Clinton in his 1998 impeachment?

• Perjury

• Obstruction of justice

• Incitement of insurrection

• Abuse of power

Multiple Choice

Which of these wars did the US justify by alleging the country's leader held dangerous weapons of mass destruction ... which were never found?

• War in Iraq, 2003-2011

• Afghanistan, 2001-2021

• Persian Gulf War, 1991

• Vietnam War, 1963-1973

Multiple Choice

Why did the US invade Afghanistan in response to 9/11?

• Afghanistan's government let al Qaeda operate there

• Al Qaeda's leadership was from Afghanistan

• The planes that hit the World Trade Center departed from Afghanistan

• Afghanistan's government had weapons of mass destruction

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was NOT a goal of the USA PATRIOT Act?

• Expand surveillance powers of law enforcement

• Increase penalties for terror-related crimes

• Reduce government spending on national security

• Increase interagency communication for counterterrorism efforts

Multiple Choice

Why was the USA PATRIOT Act controversial?

• It allowed law enforcement to infringe on Americans' privacy

• It allowed the CIA to use "enhanced interrogation techniques"

• It reduced taxes for the wealthy more so than for the middle and lower classes

• It did not help Vietnam veterans sufficiently gain access to PTSD treatment

Multiple Choice

Problems in which industry "burst", causing the Great Recession?

• Savings & Loans (S&L Crisis)

• Housing & mortgages

• Stock market

• Agriculture

Fill in the Blank

The Affordable Care Act is also known as ___.

Multiple Select

Which of the following was NOT a goal or provision of the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)?

• Creation of health insurance marketplaces

• Expansion of Medicaid eligibility

• Requirement for employers with more than 50 employees to provide coverage or tax credits

• Elimination of all private health insurance

Open Ended

Which free response prompt do you feel most confident answering?

A. end of the Cold War/ collapse of communism / dissolution of USSR

B. assessing foreign policy in Cold War, 1965-1991

B. assessing foreign policy in War on Terror

C. most important changes 1960-present